Per Ahlgren
(Sweden): On a cognitive
search strategy
Swedish School of Library and Information Science,
E-mail: per.ahlgren@hb.se
Abstract: To assist the user in
retrieving relevant information, a number of different
search strategies have been developed. The paper deals
with a cognitive search strategy put forward by Peter
Ingwersen. An example, by Ingwersen, of application of
this strategy to online searching is presented in detail
and discussed. The example involves a set of Boolean
search formulations. It is asserted that a part of the
set does not agree too well with the assumptions of the
example, and a remedy is proposed.
Bryce Allen (USA):
Digital libraries and the end of traditional information
systems
School of Information Science and Learning Technologies
University of Missouri, USA
E-mail: isbryce@showme.missouri.edu
Abstract: The design of information
systems and services involves making compromises between
the nature of the information resources and the nature of
the user communities. In digital libraries, these
compromises are less constrained by the physical nature
of information resources, and designers are free to
concentrate on user characteristics and on the context in
which information resources are needed and used. This
shift toward user-centered design in digital libraries
can produce information systems and services that are
more flexible and adaptable to user characteristics. In
addition, traditional information systems will have a
reduced role as information functions come to be embedded
in systems that support user tasks in context. Results
from a variety of research projects imply that the
user-centered approach to information system design may
play a more important role in information science in the
digital era.
Jerome Aumente
(USA): Libraries, journalism and the mass media in the
digital age of the Internet: challenges and
transformations
School of Communication, Information and Library Studies
Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, USA
E-mail: aumente@scils.rutgers.edu
Abstract: The Internet has opened an entirely new
world of news and information to millions of users around
the globe and is becoming a new mass medium in its own
right. The World Wide Web(WWW) provides hypertext data in
a multimedia environment of text, sound and visual images
that is accessible to wide audiences. Browser technology,
the rapid growth of Internet service providers such as
America Online (AOL) and new alliances in the
telecommunications field present new dimensions to the
delivery of news and information to home and office. The
print and electronic news media in the United States play
an increasing role in delivery of online news and
information and are re-engineering themselves as
information companies rather than just as newspaper and
magazine publishers ,broadcasters or cablecasters.
Digital libraries are one of several focal points in the
epicenter of change and convergence of media, information
and newer technology. Library and information
professionals should join with journalists and other mass
media professionals to create new working alliances to
exploit the full potential of databases and digital
libraries, identify joint economic and financial
interests, and share social and public policy concerns.
They should craft new approaches to university
curriculum, professional development and training
initiatives to create multidisciplinary specialists who
have hybrid skills associated with journalism, news
gathering, library and information sciences.
Christine L. Borgman (USA): What are digital libraries, who is
building them, and why?
Graduate School of Education & Information Studies
University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA,
US
E-mail: cborgman@ucla.edu
Abstract: Research and practice in
digital libraries (DL) has exploded worldwide in the
1990s. Substantial research funding has become available,
libraries are actively involved in DL projects, and
conferences, journals, and online news lists proliferate.
This article explores reasons for these developments and
the influence of key players, while speculating on future
directions. We find that the term
digital library is used in two distinct
senses. In general, researchers view digital libraries as
content collected on behalf of user communities, while
practicing librarians view digital libraries as
institutions or services. Tensions exist between these
communities over the scope and concept of the term
library. Researchoriented definitions serve to
build a community of researchers and to focus attention
on problems to be addressed; these definitions have
expanded considerably in scope throughout the 1990s.
Library community definitions are more recent, and serve
to focus attention on practical challenges to be
addressed in the transformation of research libraries and
universities. Future trends point toward the need for
extensive research in digital libraries and for the
transformation of libraries as institutions. The present
ambiguity of terminology is hindering the advance of
research and practice in digital libraries and in our
ability to communicate the scope and significance of our
work.
Michael Buckland (USA): Vocabulary as a central concept in
library and information science
School of Information Management & Systems,
University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
E-mail: buckland@sims.berkeley.edu
Abstract: The nature and role of
vocabulary in information systems is examined.
"Vocabulary" commonly refers to the stylized
adaptation of natural language to form indexes and
thesauri. Much of bibliographic access, filtering, and
information retrieval can be viewed as matching or
translating across vocabularies. Multiple vocabularies
are simultaneously present. A simple query in an online
catalog normally involves at least five distinct
vocabularies: those of the authors; the cataloger; the
syndetic structure; the searcher; and the formulated
query.
Vocabulary can be defined as the range
(or repertoire) of values in any field of bibliographic
description and, in a more extended sense, the range of
types in a set at any level (word, field, collection, and
library). Digital libraries can be represented by a
simple recursive model composed of sets
("collections") and two kinds of operation on
the sets. Vocabulary problems are central to the
economics of digital libraries because unfamiliar
vocabulary reduces search effectiveness. Issues of
identity are central to Library and Information Science
because of the indexical role of vocabulary. Vocabulary
is a central component in digital libraries. Problems
inherent in vocabulary help explain the nature and
history of conceptions of Library and Information
Science.
Rafael Capurro (Germany): Ethical aspects of digital
libraries
Fachhochschule Stuttgart. Hochschule für Bibliotheks-
und Informationswesen
University of Applied Sciences
Stuttgart, Germany
E-mail: capurro@hbi-stuttgart.de
Abstract: The paper gives a short
account of the rise of information ethics as a major
discipline within information science (introduction). The
first part presents some of the ethical challenges of
digital libraries as stated in some recent conference
announcements and projects. The main part of the paper
deals with the question of how cyberspace in general and
the space of digital libraries in particular could and
should fit into the life-space or life world of people.
This phenomenological approach is connected to an ethics
of care. The overlap between both spaces invokes the
question of interface design into the larger one of
interspace design (T. Winograd). With such a
design comes an awareness of the gap between the
information poor and the information rich within a
society as well as between countries and regions. To deal
with these inequities, we offer two suggestions: the
establishment of community freenets and terminals in
public spaces. Some of UNESCOs activities,
achievements and projects in the field of information
ethics are presented as other avenues to redress these
inequities. We also highlight questions of interpretation
and of situational relevance with regard to written
records. Access and preservation are seen as the two main
ethical challenges of digital libraries. The question of
preservation is briefly discussed.
Wanda V. Dole (USA): New measurements for the news
millenium: evaluating libraries in the electronic age
State University of New York at Stony Brook
Melville Library, Stony Brook, NY, USA
E-mail: wdole@ccmail.sunysb.edu
&
Jitka M. Hurych (USA)
Northern Illinois University
Founders Memorial Library, DeKalb, IL, USA
E-mail: c60jxh1@wpo.cso.niu.edu
Abstract: Libraries throughout the world
are adding more and more remote electronic resources. How
should collections and use of these resources be
evaluated? What measurements or benchmarks can be used?
In the new electronic environment, how useful are the
conventional data about library expenditures, collection
size and user activities that are collected and reported
at the state, regional, national, and international
level? This paper examines these questions and the
international efforts to find answers to them. The
primary focus is academic libraries.
Christine Dugdale (UK): Managing electronic reserves: new
opportunities and new roles forlibrarians?
University of the West of England,
Frenchay Campus, Bristol, UK
E-mail: Christine.Dugdale@uwe.ac.uk
Abstract: Digital services create solutions
to current problems faced by print-based academic
libraries. They also offer librarians opportunities to
become pro-active by taking a pivotal role in shaping
their institutions teaching and learning
strategies; breaking through the restrictions of a
support service. Digital collections take information
outside libraries physical confines. As managers of
digital information systems, librarians cannot remain
mere intermediaries. Some, however, find that digital
collections present unwanted learning challenges and
threats to current working practices; not welcome
opportunities to play a vital central role in the
knowledge organisation of the future. If
cultural/professional divisions are removed, digital
collections will offer exciting new opportunities for
librarians and their users. Librarians, however, must
develop new roles and working practices and initiate the
cultural changes that will alter others perceptions
of them. The potential of an electronic collection to
underpin current pedagogic styles, initiate new teaching
and learning practices and support lifelong learning
skills through the close collaboration and inter-change
of professional academic and librarian roles, is
currently being explored through the expansion of the
ResIDe Electronic Library at the University of the West
of England, Bristol.
Preben Hansen (Sweden): User interfaces design for IR
interaction: a task-oriented approach
Swedish Institute of Computer Science SICS
Kista, Sweden
E-mail: preben@sics.se
Abstract: The concept of tasks are,
though not fully recognized, fundamental for information
science and information retrieval as well as in
human-computer interaction (HCI) and system design. This
paper presents an overview of the task concept from both
the disciplines of information science and HCI. First, we
establish a common ground regarding information seeking
and retrieval environment, and then we focus on different
types of tasks and task characteristics found in the
literature of information science and HCI. We also
discuss the relation between tasks, the information need,
information seeking and retrieval process and information
objects. The paper points out the importance of
considering different levels and characteristics of tasks
and their context for a better understanding of IR system
and user interfaces design.
Robert M. Hayes (USA): The economics of digital
libraries
University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
E-mail: rhayes@ucla.edu
Abstract: This paper presents an exploratory,
speculative, and largely descriptive analysis of the
economics of digital libraries. It first provides a
definition of the concept of digital libraries. It
reviews the sources for them and briefly discusses their
economic properties. It then provides an analysis of the
microeconomics of various forms of publications
(including books, periodicals, databases, multi-media,
and software). For each, capital costs and distribution
costs are estimated for alternative means for
distribution, with special emphasis on the Internet and
World Wide Web. It concludes with a review of the sources
of income to support those costs and with disucssion of
issues related to princing.
Kai Korpimies and Esko Ukkonen (Finland): Term frequency
based identification of FAQ-articles
Department of Computer Science,
University of Helsinki, Finland.
E-mail: Kai.Korpimies@cs.helsinki.fi
&
E-mail: Esko.Ukkonen@cs.helsinki.fi
Abstract: A FAQ-article (Frequently Asked
Questions) provides orienting information within a given
domain in the form of common questions and answers to
them. In this paper we demonstrate that FAQ-articles
composed in USENET newsgroups can be identified from
amongst a set of documents returned by a search agent
with the help of an analysis of term occurrence
frequencies. This supports the claim in (Korpimies and
Ukkonen 1998a) that a term-level analysis can identify
overview documents which provide information on a given
search topic in general terms. Our experiments show that
when document length is considered in the analysis,
thresholds for the discrimination value of terms have a
strong effect on the results.
Bryn Lewis (Australia): Automating electronic document
organisation
Department of Computer Science and Computer Engineering,
La Trobe University, Australia
E-mail: lewisba@cs.latrobe.edu.au
Abstract: The organisation of an
electronic document collection can utilise the principles
which have been developed for non-electronic document
collections. The application of those principles in a
different environment is not a simple one, but should try
to take advantage of the capabilities that the new
environment has. The capabilities of the information
technology environment which we are investigating are
those of artificial intelligence, machine learning and
information retrieval. We are investigating combining
these capabilities in a library context. We describe an
experimental automatic document classification system,
outlining its design, a series of tests and the results
obtained so far. The results of these tests suggest that
the design approach of the system is viable. This is
suggestive for further work in both machine learning and
automated document classification.
Denis McQuail (The Netherlands): Digitalization and the
future of communication
Amsterdam School of Communication, [ASCOR],
University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Abstract: The authors aim will be to
reflect on the broad consequences for communication of
current developments in electronic technology. Various
terms have been used to characterise the
"revolution" in communication that has been
heralded for more than a quarter of a century, although
the latest key word "digitalisation" probably
serves better than most. It encapsulates what has been
happening to the production, distribution and storage of
"texts" and to the very nature of texts,
(understood as self-contained units of symbolic meaning).
The authors perspective is that of "communication
science, but he will try to address what he believes are
the concerns of this conference essentially
matters to do with the selection, storage, retrieval and
general accessibility of texts (information).
Susanne Ornager (Denmark): Image archives in newspaper
editorial offices: a service activity
The Royal School og Library & Information Science.
Copenhagen, Denmark
E-mail: so@db.dk
Abstract: This article talks about photo archives
in Danish newspapers and the possibility of establishing
real service activities. On the basis of J. Clement's and
R. Normann's methods for service management and the
qualitative method "Grounded Theory" developed
by B.Glaser and A. Strauss, an analysis of an empirical
investigation of 17 newspapers has been carried out. This
study shows that photo archives have a very real chance
of becoming visible service organisations and a five
point plan of action is suggested, based on a change in
the archives' market segment, their service package,
their delivery system, the image and the environment that
photo archives operate in. Finally it is concluded that
photographs and pictures are saleable objects for
newspapers and therefore an integrated part of news
communication. It is suggested that focus be placed on
the quality of visual communication and that external
customers' (reader's) needs and wishes be examined.
Nils Pharo
(Norway): Web information search strategies - a model for
classifying Web interaction
Oslo College, Faculty of Journalism, Library and
Information Science, Oslo, Norway
E-mail: Nils Pharo@jbi.hioslo.no
Abstract: The article presents a model to classify
Web information search strategies (WISSes). It is based
on a model that originally was developed to classify
information-seeking strategies. Real Web user data has
been gathered and tested to identify characteristics of
Web navigation. The model takes into account the
users goals and actions as well as the kind of Web
resources they use. The model will be a tool in
identifying independent variables that influence use of
the Web for professional purposes.
Jane Reid (UK): A new,
task-oriented paradigm for information retrieval:
implications for evaluation of information retrieval
systems
Department of Computing Science,
University of Glasgow, UK
E-mail: jane@dcs.gla.ac.uk
Abstract: Despite a growing interest in
the role of the user in the information retrieval (IR)
process, there is a continuing focus on the system
session itself, neglecting many important pre- and
post-session contextual factors. The most crucial factor
is the task, which forms the basis of a proposed new
paradigm for IR, the task-oriented paradigm.
Evaluation of IR systems is currently
limited by the nature of the existing system-oriented and
user-oriented paradigms. The main evaluation criterion
for both non-interactive and interactive evaluation is relevance.
This paper defines a new, more inclusive type of
relevance, task relevance. However, even the
concept of task relevance does not include the broader
social context indicated by the task-oriented paradigm,
so a new evaluation criterion, information value,
is proposed.
Paul Sturges
and Jessica Sambrook
(UK): Humanities scholarship, the research library and
the digital library
E-mail: R.p.sturges@lboro.ac.uk
Loughborough University, UK.
&
E-mail: Jessica.Sambrook@solent.ac.uk
Southampton Institute, UK
Abstract: Research libraries serving
humanities scholars face the increasing expense of
providing print-based research collections with declining
budgets. Humanities scholars have tended to be
unenthusiastic about electronic access to information
despite the attraction of OPACs and digitised primary
documentation. A small sampling of the views of British
academic historians in the summer of 1998 suggests that
this resistance is weakening in at least one discipline.
The value of digitised resources for teaching is being
recognised. Although attitudes towards
archival resources on the Internet are much
less positive, many scholars will at least contemplate
publishing their findings electronically. This movement
in attitudes suggests that research libraries can now
begin to resolve their resource dilemma by a change of
emphasis away from collections towards access to
resources distributed across networks of institutions.
The Information Strategy of Leeds Library and Information
Services is used to illustrate what this might mean in
practice.
Louise T. Su and Hsin-liang Chen (USA): User evaluation
of web search engines as prototype digital library
retrieval tools
School of Information Sciences
University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
E-mail: louise@sis.pitt.edu
&
E-mail: necnec@sis.pitt.edu
Abstract: Digital libraries are
collections and services envisioned to benefit a large
community of diverse and geographically dispersed users.
Information retrieval will be a major function of digital
libraries. Web-based search engines may be viewed as
prototype tools for the access and retrieval of
information from digital libraries in the future. The
paper proposes a multi-dimensional evaluation of
Web-based search engines from the end user's perspective.
The model consists of measures of effectiveness
(relevance or utility), efficiency, user satisfaction,
reliability of connectivity, and a collection of user
characteristics. It includes a systematic method for
implementation of these measures for system comparison.
The model aims to generate knowledge that can be compared
and cumulated. It seeks to provide useful insights for
system design and improvement, for search engine choice
and user training. A pilot study using the evaluation
model compared four selected Web-based search engines:
Alta Vista, Infoseek, Lycos, and Open Text. This paper
reports preliminary findings from the pilot study.
William J. Adams,
Bernard J. Jansen and Todd Smith (USA): Planning,
Building, and Using A Distributed Digital Library
Department of EE & CS
United States Military Academy
West Point
E-mail: adams@exmail.usma.edu
&
E-mail: jansen@exmail.usma.edu
&
E-mail: smith@exmail.usma.edu
Abstract: There have been many reports on the
construction of digital libraries. We find three
shortcomings in many of these reports. (1) They fail to
articulate the organizational need for a digital library.
(2) They ignore the important operational details in
establishing the library, including the end user
classroom. (3) They fail to provide any quantitative data
concerning the ability of the digital library to deliver
multimedia files, a primary objective of digital
libraries. In this paper, we discuss the U.S. Army's Army
Training Digital Library as a necessary component of the
Army Distance Learning Plan. As we are well on our way to
implementing this plan, we present lessons learned from
the project so far, specifically in the areas of
classroom construction and results from experiments with
delivering multimedia files.
Jasna Dravec-Braun: Is it possible to build up online
undion catalogue without online library system? Example
of the subsystem's "Prirodoslovlje" union
catalogue.
Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Zagreb, Croatia
E-mail: jdravec@math.hr
Abstract: In order to make the access to
resources of scientific publications easier and faster,
the creation of online union catalogue took place. Local
databases of the nineteen libraries are collected,
processed and made accessible at central server. The
union catalogues database is maintained by using
mSQL software. It comprises monographs and serials. The
items can be found by means of different searching
approaches. Users, as well as librarians, are greatly
satisfied. Networking of the participating libraries on
the basis of an integrated online library system,
preserving its distributive structure, will improve the
process of creation of the Union catalogue and its use.
Emmanouel Garoufallou (UK): The impact of information technology
on Greek academic libraries and librarians: preliminary
results
Dept. of Information & Communications,
Manchester Metropolitan University, United Kingdom,
E-mail: e.garoufallou@mmu.ac.uk
Abstract: During the past few years Greek academic
libraries have witnessed a tremendous growth in the
organisation and use of information technology. This
growth has assisted our information community to take
some steps which bring us closer to process and implement
the idea of the electronic library. The aim of this paper
is to present the initial results of a research which
took place in Greek academic libraries in order to
investigate the way in which the use of information
technology has affected academic libraries and librarians
and how it will affect the development of the future
electronic library. A questionnaire survey was posted to
all Greek academic libraries to 245 librarians. The
research aims to investigate various issues concerning
the level of automation in Greek academic libraries and
the levels of access provided by libraries to Electronic
Information Resources. Another part of the research is
looking into the use of Electronic Information Resources
by academic librarians and the impact of electronic
communication in their daily professional routine.
Marianne Hummelshøj
and Nanna Skovrup (Denmark): Internet reference services
in the digitalized public library
Royal School of Library and Information Science,
Aalborg Branch, Denmark
E-mail: mhh@db.dk
&
E-mail: ns@db.dk
Abstract: This paper assesses the challenges for
public libraries to develop their reference services with
the Internet technology with focus on informational
services and users advisory services. The
fundamentals of reference services are identified and is
suggested applied in the development of electronic public
libraries. An analytical research of the present state of
this development in public libraries in Denmark,
represented on the WWW, is presented to support the fact
that much work still has to be carried out. A framework
for a new model of reference services is presented.
Damir Kalpic, Jasenka Anzil, Hrvoje Zokovic (Croatia):
From the traditional to a digital academic library
Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing,
Zagreb, Croatia
E-mail: damir.kalpic@fer.hr
&
E-mail: jasenka.anzil@fer.hr
&
E-mail: hrvoje.zokovic@fer.hr
Abstract: At the Faculty of Electrical
Engineering and Computing in Zagreb the development of
computerised services concerning the libraries has lasted
for six years. The institution consists of one central
and eleven departmental libraries. It employs the staff
of about 300 and enrols 3000 students. The libraries
should primarily serve the insiders but also have to be
open to the outside public. The software was developed
closely to the student administration system. The
classical alphanumeric interface has been gradually
expanded with OPAC (On Line Public Access) features. The
first purely digital materials were the abstracts. In the
near future doctoral and master's theses will have to be
submitted also in a digital form. Further enhancements
derive from receiving of digital journals. A special
topic are the lecture notes and examination materials and
their (un)availability which calls for some legal issues
to be solved.
Maria Kocójowa and Wanda Pindlowa (Poland): The need of a
digital library for LIS research in Poland
Jagiellonian University, Institute of Librarianship
and Information Science, Kraków, Poland
E-mail: ikocoj@filon.filg.uj.edu.pl;
&
E-mail: ipindel@filon.filg.uj.edu.pl
Abstract: Problem of access to
international information for LIS researchers and
students in Poland are pointed out. The range of LIS
research in Poland and in other chosen post-communist
countries is shown in tables. The scope of virtual LIS JU
library [http://www.miks.uj.edu.pl/ibin/] is described.
To extend LIS JU digital library as international project
in co-operation of colleagues from abroard is proposed.
Wouter Mettrop (The Netherlands) and Paul Nieuwenhuysen
(Belgium): Some empirical research on the performance of
Internet seach engines
E-mail: Wouter.Mettrop@cwi.nl
CWI - Centrum voor Wiskunde en Informatica / Library,
Amsterdam, The Netherlands
&
E-mail: pnieuwen@vub.ac.be
Vrije Universiteit Brussel (V.U.B.), Brussel, and
Universitaire Instelling Antwerpen (U.I.A.), Belgium
Abstract: In this paper the IRT project
(Internet / Information Retrieval Tools) is described.
The basic goal of IRT is to advise users of Internet
search engines in retrieving information from the free
public access part of the Internet. In achieving this,
IRT has developed a model to evaluate search engines.
This model is described in here. Evaluation criteria
refer to functionality: search options, presentation
characteristics and indexing characteristics (which
elements of a Web document are indexed?). Also evaluated
is the consistency of retrieval through search engines.
This model has been tested in the period October -
December 1998 on six of the major search engines. We
found many differences among Internet indexes in their
functionality, as well as in their consistency and
reliability.
Michael
Middleton (Australia):
Metainformation incorporation in library digitsation
projects
QUT School of Information Systems, Brisbane, Australia.
E-mail: m.middleton@qut.edu.au
Abstract: Approaches to dealing with
metainformation in library digitisation projects are
considered with respect to characteristics of defined
elements. Some applications within projects being
undertaken in Australia are described with reference to
existing standards for resource description and
vocabulary control, and the role of these within online
cataloguing systems, and network interfaces.
Trine Schreiber and Camilla Moring (Denmark): Danish
research libraries in a networked learning environment
Royal School of Library and Information Science,
Copenhagen, Denmark
E-mail: tsc@db.dk
&
E-mail: cm@db.dk
Abstract: The aim of the paper is to examine the
involvement of Danish research libraries in networked
learning environments and to outline the main activities
and perspectives of this involvement. Focus will be on
the different support strategies chosen for networked
learner support, and makes the theoretical distinction
between ´electronic services´ and ´electronic
interventions´. Our study is based on a survey using a
questionnaire, and the results of the survey is discussed
in order to illustrate the different networked learner
supports strategies established in the libraries.
Jadranka Stojanovski
and Aida Slavic (Croatia): Electronic bibliography - its
reliabilty and its impact on the concept of bibliography
in general
E-mail: jadranka@nippur.irb.hr
Ruder Boskovic Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
&
E-mail: aslavic@ffzg.hr
Department of Information Sciences,
Faculty of Philosophy, Zagreb, Croatia
Abstract: The authors will present a project of
Croatian Bibliography of Research Papers in the web
environment. The bibliography was supposed to provide
prompt and accurate information about the papers
published within the research projects funded by the
Croatian Ministry of Science and Technology. The
bibliographic database has been designed for the web
environment and the authors were given the capability to
enter bibliographic records, as well as search and browse
the database. Public access to the bibliography and the
way the database has been constantly generated on-line
opens many possibilities and questions. This paper will
discuss both the positive and negative aspects of this
approach based on a one-year study. The problems of
accuracy and reliability of the records provided will be
discussed as well as the competencies of the authors from
the point of view of the record validity.
Yin Leng Theng (UK): Framework for an application
development model to build user-centred digital libraries
School of Computing Science,
Middlesex University, London, UK
E-mail: y.theng@mdx.ac.uk
Abstract: Digital libraries are more than just web
sites or stores of information. Designers have problems
designing good web sites, and it would be reasonable to
anticipate that they will have problems creating good
digital libraries via the web. The immediate research
challenge is to ensure that designers do things well from
the start. Remedial work correcting problems can be both
time-consuming and extremely costly. How can designers be
helped? This paper describes a framework for an
application development model to help designers build
user-centred digital libraries. The objective of this
model is to define essential design and usability issues
that are crucial to the success of digital libraries.
Branko Zebec and Tvrtko M. Sercar (Slovenia): The use of
the Internet in special libraries in Slovenia
Institute of Information Science (IZUM), Maribor,
Slovenia
E-mail: branko.zebec@izum.si
&
E-mail: tvrtko.sercar@izum.si
Abstract: The present state of the use
of Internet services in special libraries/information
centres in Slovenia, with the emphasis on those included
in the Co-operative Online Bibliographic System and
Services (COBISS), is presented. The results on the use
of the Internet obtained from the subgroup special
libraries/information centres, included in COBISS
environment, seem to be better than those obtained from
the non-members subgroup. This shows that the membership
in COBISS has a positive impact on the development of the
Internet services as well.
Edward Fox (USA):
Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations
(NDLTD - http://www.ndltd.org)
Department of Computer Science, Virginia Tech,
Blacksburg, VA, USA
E-mail: fox@vt.edu
Abstract: NDLTD provides online information for students
to easily create electronic theses or dissertations
(ETDs), upload them into a federated digital library, and
search across the collections of universities scattered
around the globe. This demonstration will explain and
illustrate the various aspects of NDLTD, and show some of
the exciting ETDs that illustrate use of color figures,
images, audio, video, VRML, and other ways to more
effectively convey research results. Various interfaces
to the collection will be shown, as well as multilingual
searching. All universities as well as interested
institutions are invited to join and support NDLTD, which
saves money for students and colleges, and vastly
increases access to graduate research.
Bernd Hess, Angela Schilling
(Germany): Electronic journal access, management
and acquisition
Swets & Zeitlinger GmbH,
Frankfurt, Germany
E-mail: aschilling@swets.nl
Abstract: SwetsNet is the new electronic service, offering
libraries and their users a single point for accessing
and managing all their electronic serials. Increasing
numbers of electronic journals are now being launched by
publishers and in the coming months it is anticipated
that even more electronic titles will be announced.
Librarians wishing to offer a full service to their users
for these electronic serials are faced with new
administration and access procedures, for example in
terms of password distribution, license administration
and arranging end user access. SwetsNet has been
developed to assist librarians in these areas and the
service is the result of many months of discussions with
librarians and publishers as well as an extensive
technical development programme
Romano J.Krauth, Sofija Klarin, Leonardo Jelenkovic,
Zeljko Rajter (Croatia): Cooperative cataloguing and WWW
multimedia fourth generation OPAC in CROLIST
Romano J.Krauth, Sofija Klarin -
National and University Library -
Zagreb, Croatia
Leonardo Jelenkovic, Zeljko Rajter - UNIBIS d.o.o. - Zagreb,
Croatia
E-mail: rkrauth@nsk.hr
&
E-mail: sklarin@nsk.hr
Topics:
COOPERATIVE CATALOGUING means
- Downloading complete UNIMARC
Bibliographic records from HOST Library Server
using Public Data Network ( Internet ).
- Downloading FULL UNIMARC records
along with corresponding UNIMARC Authority
Records being linked to the Bibliographic
record(s) in scope.
- Managing of duplicate records (
inserting , updating and replacing Authority
Records while downloading Bibliographic Records
).
- Provision for Local Authority
Records Cataloguing in case requested Record(s)
being not found in HOST Library database opposite
to Cooperative Cataloguing of HOST Library
database.
- Provision for exploitation of Low
cost Internet connection for On Line selection
and pick up of records from HOST National an
University Library database thus avoiding high
cost of Private Data Network and Leased lines.
CROLIST ( Croatian
Library Information System ) WWW Multimedia
Fourth Generation OPAC ( Digital Library Search Engine ).
- The approach of End user searching
philosophy. Users got used to popular searching
techniques ( Yahoo, Excite etc.)
- Multilingual access ( multilingual
keyword indexing ).
- Keyword and Phrase searching.
- Implementation of UNIMARC
"Electronic Location Field" for linking
digital multimedia physical format of
Bibliographic records to Meta-record in Standard
Library database. Enabling users to approach
digital information due to standard access
methods of searching Bibliographic databases.
- Displaying Bibliographic and
Holdings data for End users accessing Library
System via Internet.
- Displaying various Standard
formats for Librarians and End users.
- The mechanism of tracing every
search request for later backoffice analysing of
hits statistics.
Erda Lapp (Germany): BIBLING database -
University Electronic Engineering Library
Bochum University Library, Germany
E-mail: erda.lapp@ruhr-uni-bochum.de
Abstract: Engineers have very special
information needs: They need large quantities of
information in very heterogeneous forms and they need the
information fast, preferably at their work stations.
Classical libraries so far cannot meet the demands of
this user group.
The goal of the project BIBLING is to design an
electronic library that is integrated into electronic
processes and workplaces, that allows fast access and
provides for the variety of different information systems
needed. With the support of German Research Assocation an
electronic library is being developed at Bochum
University, that supports the engineering design process
and provides access not only to textual information but
also to calculation programs, product catalogs, graphical
data. The library offers information in an integrated
form, a variety of services to orient oneself in the
library, supports the search process with the help of a
pathfinder tool, offers visualization of search results
and supports further processing on the local workstation.
An extension of the developed tools and services to other
technical and scientific fields is in progress At the
basis of the project is a cooperation between the
University Library on the one hand and the Chair of
Computing in Mechanical Engneering at the Engineering
Department of Bochum University.
Petar Sobot (Slovenia): Presentation
of the COBISS system - Slovenian virtual library
IZUM, Maribor, Slovenia
E-mail: pero.sobot@izumn.izum.si
Abstract: Presented is the COBISS
system, which links 215 libraries (national, university,
faculty, special, public and school libraries) into the
integrated Library Information System of Slovenia, also
called Slovenian virtual library. Online presentation
includes searching a monographic publication in the union
COBIB database, with bibliographic data displayed in
various formats, and switching to a local database with
local data (holdings, call number, availability). Then
follows an example for a serial publication. As a result
of advanced search the display of data for non-book
material is presented, with additional multimedia
information. The list of material borrowed by a
particular user is viewed, and his bibliography
displayed. Searching other databases is presented as
well: COLIB - data on Slovenian libraries, INFORS - the
Information system on INFOrmation Resources in Slovenia,
some specialized databases, SwetScan - contents pages of
scientific journals, and the world's largest database
WorldCat. The presentation is concluded with logging in
to the COBISS/BiH system.
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