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411. Brodarić, Stjepan. Epistulae, versio electronica. [page 50 | Paragraph | Section]

sexto iam circiter abhinc anno tum videlicet, cum ego ex gymnasio Patavino 4 in patriam redirem, ut quaedam opuscula Ioannis illius Pannonii, 5 pro quorum impressione et ego tunc et Manutius (Bassion, 1449–Venice, 1515), Humanist, an emblematic printer of the Renaissance. On his Hungarian connections see: Gerézdi Rabán, Aldus Manutius és magyar barátai, Magyar Könyv szemle, 1945, 38–98. More on his life: Julius Schück, Aldus Manutius und seine Zeitgenossen in Italien und Deutschland, Berlin, 1862. 2  On the back


412. Brodarić, Stjepan. Epistulae, versio electronica. [page 50 | Paragraph | Section]

Csulai Móré took the letter, and about him we know that he was received in Venice in great pomp on 7 October. (Compare: F edeles Tamás, Egy Jagelló-kori humanista pályaképe. Csulai Móré Fülöp (1476/1477–1526), Levéltári Közlemények, 2007, 60–61.) The misunderstanding stems from an incorrect resolution of the Roman-type date at the end of the letter. According to Roman calculation we do not add 17 days to the Kalendae, 1 October, but distract 17 days, and this is how we get the real date of the letter, 15 September. This way of dating can be reconciled with Csulai’s


413. Brodarić, Stjepan. Epistulae, versio electronica. [page 52 | Paragraph | Section]

The document about this is dated 23 September 1515. (Compare: MOL DF 269210) Regarding the Jászó convent see: Tóth-Szabó Pál, Szathmári György prímás (1457–1524), Budapest, 1906; and Tóth-Szabó Pál, Jász a főkegyúri jog történetében II., Századok, 1905, 223–247. 3  An unknown employee of György Szatmári who did not attain Provostship. 4  Brodarics was already the secretary of Szatmári. 5  It is about nobleman Kristóf Darholczi from Sáros County, about whom we have several pieces of data together with his father (Pál Darholczi) and brothers (Pál and


414. Brodarić, Stjepan. Epistulae, versio electronica. [page 53 | Paragraph | Section]

a mohácsi vész korában (Kálnai Imre), Irodalomtörténeti Közlemények, 1970, 372. In Hungarian: V. Kovács Sándor, Magyar humanisták levelei XV–XVI. század, Budapest, 1971, 596. Brodarics calls Cospi’s attention to a youngster who prepares for studies in Italy, even though he is not an old acquaintance of Cospi. Eximie ac Doctissime Vir, salutem et commendationem. Etsi nulla mihi vel parva admodum cum Tua Dominatione intercessit familiaris necessitudo, qua fretus liberius illi oneris quippiam auderem imponere, exoratus tamen


415. Brodarić, Stjepan. Epistulae, versio electronica. [page 53 | Paragraph | Section]

poterit, id se amico diligentissimo mandasse intelligat, cui me unice commendo. Quae et semper optime valeat. Datum etc. 1  Angelo Bartolomeo Cospi (1430–1516) Humanist, philologist, teacher of rhetoric at the Vienna University. 2  Giving an exact date for the letter is problematic. Sándor V. Kovács, who first published the text, dated the letter to the second half of the 1530s, because he thought that Brodarics might have got acquainted with Angelo Cospi on his trip to Italy in 1536. Regarding the fact that Cospi died in 1516,


416. Brodarić, Stjepan. Epistulae, versio electronica. [page 57 | Paragraph | Section]

in such elegant Latin. 1  Fraknói refers to this letter when he states that one of Brodarics’ tasks was to persuade the Pope to intervene so that Pál Tomori accepts arcbishopric of Kalocsa. (Compare: Fraknói Vilmos, Tomori Pál élete, Századok, 1881, 310.) Brodarics might have had such an assignment but it cannot be justified with the text of this letter. 2  Hadrian VI (1522–1523) was elected Pope on 9 January 1522. 3  On 31 August. privata unacum reverendissimo domino cardinale Medices, 4 deditissimo Vestrae Maiestati,


417. Brodarić, Stjepan. Epistulae, versio electronica. [page 58 | Paragraph | Section]

and this was dated 18 February 1522 (compare: Archivio di Stato di Siena, Particolari, Famiglie Senesi nr. 146). It is known from Mario Sanuto’s diary that he was in Venice on 26 April because that’s when he spoke in front of the council of the Signoria about the aid to Hungary. He got an answer on 2 May, and Sanuto says he continued his trip to Rome on 3 May. (Compare: Wenzel Gusztáv, Marino Sanuto világkrónikájának Magyarországot illető tudsításai III., Magyar Történelmi Tár XXV. 268–269.) Marsupino writes on 8 August 1522 that he was waiting for Brodarics to


418. Brodarić, Stjepan. Epistulae, versio electronica. [page 60 | Paragraph | Section]

from the Polish King, I deem it more probable that the addressee of the above letter is Brodarics. 4  This letter is unknown. The above letter is the earliest that left to us from the correspondence of Brodarics and the Polish King. 5  Erazm Ciołek (1474–1522), Bishop of Płock, died as an envoy of Sigismund in Rome on 9 September 1522. More on his life: Henryk Folwarski, Erazm Ciołek biskup i dyplomata, Warszawa, 1935. 6  Hungarian King Louis II was the cousin of Sigismund. 7  Without doubt this is a reference to Francesco Marsupino. 8  Pope Hadrian VI.


419. Brodarić, Stjepan. Epistulae, versio electronica. [page 61 | Paragraph | Section]

Johann Albrecht, brother of Albrecht von Brandenburg, Grand Master of the Teutonic Order which had a hostile relationship with Poland. (Compare: AT VI. 154–155.) The Polish ruler protested angrily. Since neither party would budge, a one-year-long diplomatic struggle began. Brodarics played an important part of its settlement. More on this: Kasza Péter, Egy magyar diplomata lengyel szolgálatban. Újabb források Brodarics István rmai követi működéséhez., Irodalomtörténeti Közlemények, 2009, 593–605. The same in English: A Hungarian diplomat in Polish service New sources


420. Brodarić, Stjepan. Epistulae, versio electronica. [page 62 | Paragraph | Section]

Louis II was the cousin of Sigismund. 8  Nándorfehérvár (Belgrade, today: Beograd, Serbia) was occupied by the Turks on 29 August 1521. This was a serious blow to Hungary, since this fortress was central in their Southern defence line. One of the main purpose of sending Brodarics to Rome as an envoy was to obtain support of the papal court to the campaign to reconquer Nándorfehérvár. atque excelsi animi omnibus numeris absoluta ac perfecta excellentia traheret me ad omnem servitutem, quae a me praestari posset, illi libentissime impendendam. Me


421. Brodarić, Stjepan. Epistulae, versio electronica. [page 64 | Paragraph | Section]

aut prorsus impossibile pontificem ex hac sententia deduci. 3 Et isti latius aliquanto interpretantur et extendunt Sedis Apostolicae iura, eorumque sacerdotia, qui, quacunque de causa in Urbe manserint et vitam finierint, ad suas provisiones spectare contendunt. Quod quidem iurene an iniuria faciant, viderint alii. 4 Ego si quid vel in hoc adhuc, vel in quibuscunque aliis negotiis Vestrae Maiestati servire possum, supplico humillime, dignetur mihi praecipere et iubere, cui nihil gratius, nihil optatius erit, quam Vestrae Maiestatis iussa et imperia impigre


422. Brodarić, Stjepan. Epistulae, versio electronica. [page 64 | Paragraph | Section]

Sigismund protested indignantly. See his letter to Cardinal de Grassis: AT VI. 207. 4  Against this argumentation, the Polish court referred to international law which says that envoys are entitled to immunity and extraterritoriality, so it does not matter that Ciołek died in Rome. Since he was an envoy of the Polish King, it should be regarded as if he had died in Poland. Compare:. Sigismund’s letter to Archbishop of Gniezno Jan Łaski: AT VI. 159–160. 14 István Brodarics to Sigismund I Rome, 26 January


423. Brodarić, Stjepan. Epistulae, versio electronica. [page 69 | Paragraph | Section]

Brodarics Buda, 1 June 1523 Manuscript used: MOL DF 2760781 Partially published: Veress Endre (ed.), Akták és levelek Erdély- és Magyarország Moldvával és Havasalfölddel való viszonyához, Budapest, 1914, 125. 2 1. He has learnt that a papal envoy arrives in Hungary with an aid of fifty thousand gold coins. This is needed badly for hiring mercenaries as soon as possible. – 2. The Turks occupied Wallachia again, and, together with the two Romanian voivodships and the Tatars they represent a serious threat to Transylvania and Szörény, and even the whole country.


424. Brodarić, Stjepan. Epistulae, versio electronica. [page 69 | Paragraph | Section]

– 2. The Turks occupied Wallachia again, and, together with the two Romanian voivodships and the Tatars they represent a serious threat to Transylvania and Szörény, and even the whole country. A significant Turkish force assembled already near Szörény which, although would not start an overall attack on the country, can cause considerable harm through minor attacks and occupying border fortresses. – 3. The Turks threaten Croatia. Lightning has hit the powdermagazine in Temesvár. It exploded and there is significant damage. He asks Brodarics to urge the Pope to give


425. Brodarić, Stjepan. Epistulae, versio electronica. [page 72 | Paragraph | Section]

ad defectionem sollicitatae et rerum novarum motus in custodiam atque adeo in arcem Sancti Angeli coniectum puto Maiestatem Vestram iam pridem intellexisse. De eo adhuc nihil est aliud decretum. 1 Lorenzo Pucci (1458–1531), Bishop of Melf, Cardinal from 1513. Offspring of an influential prelatic family, protonotary apostolic. 2  John Clerk (?–1541), Bishop of Bath. Carried out diplomatic missions in the service of Cardinal Wolsey several times. Cardinales tres, quibus cognitio huius causae demandata fuerat, fere quotidie per


426. Brodarić, Stjepan. Epistulae, versio electronica. [page 73 | Paragraph | Section]

isto tempore maximo labore et 3  Cardinal Francesco Soderini, Bishop of Volterra, was arrested on 27 April 1523 for encouraging the French King to occupy Sicily. Soderini was locked up in the Saint Angel Castle and a legal procedure started. Only the death of Hadrian VI brought it to an end. He was released after 14 September 1523, what’s more, he was allowed to participate in the conclave. More on his life: K. J. P. Lowe, Church and Politics in Renaissance Italy. The Life and Career of Cardinal Francesco Sodarini (1453–1524), Cambridge, 1993. (Cambridge Studies in Italian


427. Brodarić, Stjepan. Epistulae, versio electronica. [page 73 | Paragraph | Section]

in Rome from 1518 as a permanent Hungarian envoy. 7  Starting with 7 February 1523, Ferdinand had two envoys in Rome, Pedro de Cordoba (Pedro Salamanca) and Girolamo Balbi. Pedro de Cordoba left Rome at the end of April, while Balbi stayed until about mid-June. Since Brodarics speaks about an envoy, it is unclear whom he refers to, but the date of the letter (10 June) makes Balbi more probable. Brodarics had known him longer anyway. Compare: Gerhard Rill, Fürst und Hof in Österreich. Von den habsburgischen Teilungsverträgen bis zur Schlacht Mohács (1521/22 bis 1526). Bd. 1.


428. Brodarić, Stjepan. Epistulae, versio electronica. [page 77 | Paragraph | Section]

annata, even though this sum was designated for fight against the infidels. Thus, leaving it with the country would be more appropriate than increasing it and thereby ransack the country. – 3. Brodarics should intervene for a discussion of the letter by Bishop of Płock and for renunciation of an increase of annata. 4 Kálnai, with Brodarics’ assistance, filed an application to Hadrian VI to earn archdeanship of Telegd right after the death of Lászai. He got it. More recently on Brodarics’ role in the appointment of Kálnai using numerous sources in archives in Rome:


429. Brodarić, Stjepan. Epistulae, versio electronica. [page 77 | Paragraph | Section]

leaving it with the country would be more appropriate than increasing it and thereby ransack the country. – 3. Brodarics should intervene for a discussion of the letter by Bishop of Płock and for renunciation of an increase of annata. 4 Kálnai, with Brodarics’ assistance, filed an application to Hadrian VI to earn archdeanship of Telegd right after the death of Lászai. He got it. More recently on Brodarics’ role in the appointment of Kálnai using numerous sources in archives in Rome: Lakatos Bálint, Kálnai Imre királyi titkári és főesperesi kinevezése


430. Brodarić, Stjepan. Epistulae, versio electronica. [page 78 | Paragraph | Section]

that they are waiting for the outcomeof the case of the French at Milan, so the election process may last for several further months. – 2. Sigismund’s letter on the Płock annata has been received. However, as long as there is no new Pope nothing can be done. He hopes Sigismund can reach an agreement at least with his cousin King Louis so that money allotted for the defence of Christianity gets to the proper place. – 3. The French are near Milan but suffer more damage than they cause. According to the Milan envoy they will soon withdraw since the French King is in the grip of a


431. Brodarić, Stjepan. Epistulae, versio electronica. [page 79 | Paragraph | Section]

the whole winter, they did not succeed in capturing it. On hearing about the approaching rescue army they had to retreat. 3  See the previous letter. 4 Louis II, Hungarian King (1516–1526). 5  I have found no data about the identity of the Milan envoy. 6  Duke Charles de Bourbon, an eminent commander in chief of Francis I fell out with the French ruler in 1522 as a result of inheritance issue, deserted him and sided with Charles V. France was attacked from three directions under his leadership at the end of 1522: The English landed in Picardia, a Spanish army besieged


432. Brodarić, Stjepan. Epistulae, versio electronica. [page 83 | Paragraph | Section]

Tarło. Both executed diplomatic tasks several times. 2  Cardinal Giulio de Medici, cousin of Pope Leo X, was elected Pope after the death of Hadrian VI on 19 November 1523. 3  I have found no further data about the selection of the 3 Cardinals mentioned. Even though Clement VII sent an envoy to Charles V on 8 December 1523 in connection with peace, he was not a Cardinal but one of the Pope’ Chamberlains, Bernardino della Barba. The next peace envoy Cardinal Nikolaus von Schönberg set off for his round trip through Spain, France, and England only in March 1524. Compare:


433. Brodarić, Stjepan. Epistulae, versio electronica. [page 85 | Paragraph | Section]

false rumours about his preparations for a war against Persia in order to lull Hungary and Europe to sleep, while spy reports and information from Voivods of Moldova and Wallachia suggest that he wants to attack Hungary in March in alliance with the Tatars. – 2. Knowing this, Ferdinand also sent an envoy to Rome to press for the aid. Brodarics should cooperate with the Austrian envoy fully. – 3. The Pope should order Legate Cajetan de Vio to pay the money he has for repairs of Hungarian border fortresses or the soldiers’ pay before more substantial aid arrives. – 4. Brodarics


434. Brodarić, Stjepan. Epistulae, versio electronica. [page 89 | Paragraph | Section]

Ex Urbe XXIX. Februarii 1524. Eiusdem Vestrae Serenitatis servitor et capellanus humillimus Stephanus Brodericus praepositus Quinqueecclesiensis orator 3  Pedro de Cordova visited Rome already in 1522–23 as an envoy of Ferdinand. Compare: Adolf Wrede (hsgg.), Deutsche Reichstagakten unter Kaiser Karl V. 3. Bd., Gotha, 1901, 862. 4  Andrea Gritti, Doge of Venice (1523–1538). 5 Klissa (today: Klis, Croatia), important border fortress in Dalmatia. The fortress was besieged from 5 February by troops


435. Brodarić, Stjepan. Epistulae, versio electronica. [page 90 | Paragraph | Section]

forints per year are spent on the borderland in Croatia only, even in peace time, and upholding Temesvár, Pétervárad, Szörény, and Titel, not to mention Jajca, costs enormous sums. So loosing Ostrovica is not due to negligence but to poverty. – 3. He is happy to hear that the Pope launched an investigation into the abuses around grain sent to Croatia, something that King Louis also called for. – 4. More favourable news about the situation in Hungary would probably boost the Pope’s good will, but this is possible only if His Holiness and Christian rulers help the country with


436. Brodarić, Stjepan. Epistulae, versio electronica. [page 91 | Paragraph | Section]

the loss of Nándorfehérvár in 1521, Temesvár, Szörény, Pétervárad and Titel became the key elements in the system of border fortresses on the South. 5  Finally Burgio returned to Hungary and took measures regarding embezzlement of the corn shipments. He ordered an inquiry in Zengg in April 1524. Compare: Magyarországi pápai követek jelentései 1524–1526. Budapest, 2001, XCVIII. afferentur, utinam nullum nisi felicem ac faustum ex his regnis nostris nuntium deinceps Sua Sanctitas accipiat.


437. Brodarić, Stjepan. Epistulae, versio electronica. [page 94 | Paragraph | Section]

well, so Brodarics’ scriptor wrote the same letter twice and sent both, one to Vienna, the other to Cracow. The only change he made is in the salutation: to the letters in Cracow it is Maiestas, since Sigismund was a King, while in the Vienna version it is Serenitas, because Ferdinand was only an Archduke in 1524. 2  Archbishop of Esztergom György Szatmári died on 7 April 1524. 3  In the letter to Cracow the word here is nepote because Sigismund was the uncle of King Louis II while Ferdinand was his brother-in-law. 4  Brodarics had stayed in Rome since the spring of 1522 as an


438. Brodarić, Stjepan. Epistulae, versio electronica. [page 94 | Paragraph | Section]

only an Archduke in 1524. 2  Archbishop of Esztergom György Szatmári died on 7 April 1524. 3  In the letter to Cracow the word here is nepote because Sigismund was the uncle of King Louis II while Ferdinand was his brother-in-law. 4  Brodarics had stayed in Rome since the spring of 1522 as an envoy of Louis II. 5  Johann Schnaidpeck von Schönkirchen, an envoy of the Emperor, stayed in the Buda castle since the autumn of 1523. He had huge influence and was the permanent target of attacks from the opposition of lesser nobility. The part magnificum dominum oratorem suum et is missing


439. Brodarić, Stjepan. Epistulae, versio electronica. [page 94 | Paragraph | Section]

died on 7 April 1524. 3  In the letter to Cracow the word here is nepote because Sigismund was the uncle of King Louis II while Ferdinand was his brother-in-law. 4  Brodarics had stayed in Rome since the spring of 1522 as an envoy of Louis II. 5  Johann Schnaidpeck von Schönkirchen, an envoy of the Emperor, stayed in the Buda castle since the autumn of 1523. He had huge influence and was the permanent target of attacks from the opposition of lesser nobility. The part magnificum dominum oratorem suum et is missing from the Cracow letter, obviously because, unlike Ferdinand,


440. Brodarić, Stjepan. Epistulae, versio electronica. [page 94 | Paragraph | Section]

stayed in the Buda castle since the autumn of 1523. He had huge influence and was the permanent target of attacks from the opposition of lesser nobility. The part magnificum dominum oratorem suum et is missing from the Cracow letter, obviously because, unlike Ferdinand, Sigismund did not have an envoy in Buda. Compare: Kubinyi András, A magyar állam belpolitikai helyzete Mohács előtt = Rúzsás Lajos – Szakály Ferenc (eds., Mohács. Tanul mányok a mohácsi csata 450. évfordulója alkalmából. Budapest, 1986, 87–91.


441. Brodarić, Stjepan. Epistulae, versio electronica. [page 94 | Paragraph | Section]

diligenter munire. Credo Maiestatem 2  Archbishop of Esztergom György Szatmári died on 7 April 1524. 3 Louis II was a younger cousin of King Sigismund. 4  Brodarics had stayed in Rome since the spring of 1522 as an envoy of Louis II. 5 László Szalkai, Bishop of Eger, Chancellor. He got archbishopric of Esztergom and the attached position of High Chancellor after Szatmári’s death. 6  Novara, town in Northern Italy west of Milan. The French army, having given up


442. Brodarić, Stjepan. Epistulae, versio electronica. [page 100 | Paragraph | Section]

35 István Brodarics to Giovanni Salviati Buda, 4 November 1524 Manuscript used: ASF, Carte Strozziane, Serie I., Filza 152., fol. 9r., 12v. 1. He has received Salviati’s letter dated 7 October. There is hope for putting an end to the schism in Bohemia; at least Baron Burgio and Chancellor Szalkai are working on it zealously as can be seen in de Burgio’s letters. – 2. If peace cannot be created among contentious Christian rulers, only God knows what awaits Hungary next spring. – 3. He does not yet know when


443. Brodarić, Stjepan. Epistulae, versio electronica. [page 101 | Paragraph | Section]

Salviatis Regni Hungariae protectori etc., domino mihi semper observandissimo. In fact, Brodarics could leave for Rome in February 1525 only. Giovanni Marsupino, brother of Francesco Marsupino who worked as an administrator in Rome from 1518. He worked as an emissary of Szapolyai in Rome in the 1530s. See also the notes for the letter by Brodarics on 1 September 1522. 8  In theory, the bishopric of Pécs became vacant in 1522 when György Szatmári became Archbishop of Esztergom, and Louis II could


444. Brodarić, Stjepan. Epistulae, versio electronica. [page 101 | Paragraph | Section]

mihi semper observandissimo. In fact, Brodarics could leave for Rome in February 1525 only. Giovanni Marsupino, brother of Francesco Marsupino who worked as an administrator in Rome from 1518. He worked as an emissary of Szapolyai in Rome in the 1530s. See also the notes for the letter by Brodarics on 1 September 1522. 8  In theory, the bishopric of Pécs became vacant in 1522 when György Szatmári became Archbishop of Esztergom, and Louis II could appoint his successor. It was the King’s former


445. Brodarić, Stjepan. Epistulae, versio electronica. [page 106 | Paragraph | Section]

previous letter. 40 Sigismund I to István Brodarics Cracow, [April 1525]1 Manuscript used: BJ 6556 fol. 8v. 1. He has heard from Statileo that Brodarics is in Rome again as an envoy, something which he heard with satisfaction knowing Brodarics’ loyalty. – 2. He asks Brodarics to keep representing him and his subjects in their affairs and to keep informing him about developments. Reverende sincere nobis Dilecte. [1.] Retulit


446. Brodarić, Stjepan. Epistulae, versio electronica. [page 106 | Paragraph | Section]

scribere per omnem occasionem non gravare, ut et tua erga nos merita et nostrum vicissim in te favorem reddas in dies cumulatiorem. Datum. 1  The letter can be dated based on Statileo’s legation and the return of Brodarics to Rome. Statileo went to Cracow as an envoy in the spring of 1525 and got an answer from the Polish King on 12 April (see AT VII. 241). Brodarics left for Rome in late February 1525. On 5 March he was still in Pécs (he got a letter of commission from Bishop Fülöp Csulai Móré then), so the earliest he could reach the Eternal


447. Brodarić, Stjepan. Epistulae, versio electronica. [page 106 | Paragraph | Section]

gravare, ut et tua erga nos merita et nostrum vicissim in te favorem reddas in dies cumulatiorem. Datum. 1  The letter can be dated based on Statileo’s legation and the return of Brodarics to Rome. Statileo went to Cracow as an envoy in the spring of 1525 and got an answer from the Polish King on 12 April (see AT VII. 241). Brodarics left for Rome in late February 1525. On 5 March he was still in Pécs (he got a letter of commission from Bishop Fülöp Csulai Móré then), so the earliest he could reach the Eternal City was in April. 2  János Statileo


448. Brodarić, Stjepan. Epistulae, versio electronica. [page 107 | Paragraph | Section]

41 János Statileo to István Brodarics Cracow, 12 April 1525 Manuscript used: ASF, Carte Strozziane, Serie I., Filza 157., fol. 184r. 1 Albrecht von Brandenburg, Grand Master of the Teutonic Order, made an oath of allegiance to Polish King Sigismund, and got the land he already had as feud. Excerpta ex litteris oratoris Ut Dominatio Vestra Reverendissima sit particeps novitatum, quae hic contingunt, volui ei significare serenissimum Poloniae regem inivisse


449. Brodarić, Stjepan. Epistulae, versio electronica. [page 107 | Paragraph | Section]

It is the war between the Teutonic Order and Poland (1519–21) which ended with the Knights’ defeat. 3  10 April 1525. 1  Date uncertain. Brodarics says in his letter on 17 May that he received several letters but we cannot be sure that he refers to these two. 1  An [1.] Intelleximus fratres Sancti Francisci de observantia id agere, ut loca conventualium in regno nostro et Bohemiae sibi a Sanctissimo Domino Nostro impetrarent, quasi haec sit voluntas nostra, ut ea illi potius haberent. [2.]


450. Brodarić, Stjepan. Epistulae, versio electronica. [page 110 | Paragraph | Section]

cum Solymano Turcarum imperatore ad Mohach historia verissima, Ed. Petrus Kulcsár, Budapest, 1985, 27–28.) 19  We do not have this letter. 10  Brodarics obviously alludes to peace to be signed with the Turks: the idea to bring the official state of war with the Turks, that began in 1521, to an end by peace agreement or armistice was considered several times in the Hungarian court but was rejected every time – partly under pressure from the Pope. The same considerations were spelled out in a letter to Sigismund on 10 June 1523, which shows that Brodarics had seen the situation


451. Brodarić, Stjepan. Epistulae, versio electronica. [page 112 | Paragraph | Section]

the peace talks between Salviati and Charles V. 19  Hungarian and Czech King Louis II. 10  Pietro Antonio Berri of Parma arrived in Germany with Legate Tomasso Vio, and they went to the court of Louis II from there. He was appointed Royal Secretary for his services. As such, he visited Rome as an envoy already before 1525. The two credentials that King Louis and Queen Mary issued to Berri as their envoy are dated 31 May 1524. See Theiner Augustin, Vetera monumenta Slavorum meridionalium historiam illustrantia, Romae, 1863, 580–581. 11 Maria Habsburg (1505–1558), wife of Louis II


452. Brodarić, Stjepan. Epistulae, versio electronica. [page 115 | Paragraph | Section]

even though it was the Emperor himself who put him into its possession. He wrote about it to Cardinal Salviati as well as to his envoy to the Emperor Johannes Dantiscus. – 2. He also informed the envoy about how he had reached an agreement with the Grand Master of the Order and about his peace agreement with the Turks. He asks Brodarics to represent the Polish point of view in this case too. 5


453. Brodarić, Stjepan. Epistulae, versio electronica. [page 115 | Paragraph | Section]

way. A sample volume has been published so far which includes correspondence from the year 1537 (Jerzy Axer–Anna Skolimowska, Corpus epistolarum Ioannis Dantisci, Part I. Ioannis Dantisci epistulae latinae, Warsaw–Cracow, 2004). 5  Centuries-old Polish-Prussian rivalry came to an end when Albrecht von Brandenburg turned Teutonic Knights into a secular Lutheran state in 1525 and gave fealty to the Polish ruler on 10 April. See Statileo’s letter on 12 April 1525. 6  Sigismund signed peace with the Sultan in November 1525. He refused to send military aid to


454. Brodarić, Stjepan. Epistulae, versio electronica. [page 118 | Paragraph | Section]

multa tamen... gravissime deliquisse – this is written in cipher in the original. (I am indebted for decoding the cipher to Hanna Vámos and István Vadai.) 18  Albrecht von Brandenburg (1490–1568), Grand Master of the Teutonic Order, brother of Georg von Brandenburg who played an important role in Hungary. Maximilian I appointed him Grand Master of the Knights in 1510. As such, he broke the peace pact signed in Toruń in 1466 and provoked a war with Poland that lasted between 1519–21. This ended in a heavy defeat for the Knighthood. Later he became Evangelical


455. Brodarić, Stjepan. Epistulae, versio electronica. [page 118 | Paragraph | Section]

10  The riot of the janissaries, who had been discontent because there had been no campaigns since the occupation of Rhodos back in 1522, erupted in March 1525 in Istanbul. Rioters demanded resignation of the Grand Vizier and his house was looted. Suleyman’s personal bravery played an important part in suppressing the rebellion. Compare: Káldy-Nagy Gyula, Szulejmán... 62–63. Me et servitia mea in gratiam Vestrae Maiestatis rursus supplex commendo. Romae 4. Iulii 1525. Supervenerunt litterae ex


456. Brodarić, Stjepan. Epistulae, versio electronica. [page 121 | Paragraph | Section]

II., Romae, 1860, 653–654.; Bessenyei József, Lettere di principi (1518–1578), Roma–Budapest, 2002, 79–81. 1. He arrived at Buda 21 days after leaving Rome. He found the King and the Queen on Csepel Island. He passed on the Pope’s message to them there. – 2. He has not yet received an answer regarding the matter of envoys to be sent to the Emperor. – 3. He told what the Pope commissioned him to tell to Archbishop of Esztergom László Szalkai who has preserved his old influence. – 4. He will learn about other matters from a letter from Baron Burgio.


457. Brodarić, Stjepan. Epistulae, versio electronica. [page 122 | Paragraph | Section]

Brodarics to the position. Compare: Theiner Augustin, Vetera monumenta Hungariam... 651. 18  See Burgio’s report on 13 September 1525. Magyarországi pápai követek jelentései 1524–1526. Budapest, 2001, 263–266. 19  Since Kristóf Frangepán entered into an argument with Archbishop Szalkai that ended in violence, King Louis threw him into dungeon. See Burgio’s report on 13 September 1525. Magyarországi pápai követek jelentései... 264. 10  We know from Burgio’s report on 13 September that they planned to go to Slavonia first


Bibliographia locorum inventorum

Brodarić, Stjepan (1490-1539) [1505], Epistulae, versio electronica. (), Verborum 166, Ed. Petrus Kasza [genre: prosa oratio - epistula] [word count] [brodaricsepistulae].


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