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uix pudenda corporis operuerant. Et nuditatem eius dolens substitit, suspirauit, ingemuit. Frater uero, qui illum comitabatur: Quid, inquit, ita tristaris, pater? Etsi hic indumentis eget, forsan abundat concupiscentiis. Tunc Franciscus, fraterni erroris non dissimulator, sed corrector iussit protinus, ut ille sua se tunica exuens pauperem tegat, et quod de ipso perperam opinatus fuerat, ab eodem ueniam roget ac tandem discat nefas esse miserorum

esse uelint. Nec mirum aliquem interdum plausu assentatorum suorum blanditiisque duci, cum frater Leonardus etiam cogitationum suarum circumuentus fuisset, nisi mature, qui eum periculo erriperet, inuenisset. Beatum Franciscum asello insidentem ipse pedes comitatus mente uoluere coepit, quanto ante illum quondam ierit generis nobilitate potentiaque seculari. Franciscus Spiritu Sancto edoctus, ut intellexit gliscentem in pręcordiis comitis

circumuentus fuisset, nisi mature, qui eum periculo erriperet, inuenisset. Beatum Franciscum asello insidentem ipse pedes comitatus mente uoluere coepit, quanto ante illum quondam ierit generis nobilitate potentiaque seculari. Franciscus Spiritu Sancto edoctus, ut intellexit gliscentem in pręcordiis comitis tumorem, statim desiliens asellum se illi cedere dixit, ipse potius pedibus iter facturus, eo quod obscuriore loco natus esset. Agnouit ille

confitens ueniam impetrat, cautius deinceps humilitatis propositum seruaturus. Aratrum quippe tenens post tergum respexerat, sed magistri opera rursum cito conuersus aptum se fecit regno Dei. Idem Franciscus, cum se inter homines fama sanctitatis efferri percepisset, ne quam ex eo uoluptatem caperet, alteri negocium dedit, ut econtra probris petulantiaque ipsum incesseret. Et cum ille rusticanum, idiotam, ignauum

temporali inopia diuitias esset recepturus sempiternas, et patri adhuc orbitatem suam lugenti causam pręberet consolationis et nobis materiam imitationis. Pari paupertatis uoto ardens Minorum pater Franciscus. Et nescio, an etiam magis in proposito firmus, quando quidem neque persecutionibus auerti potuit, quin nudus nudum Christum sequeretur. Tam primum Romam profectus, cum pauperculo cuidam occurrisset, suas cum illius

habere nihil, possidere nihil et, quo se submissius gerant, uictum mendicando quęrere. Inhient nunc struendis facultatibus mortales et totis uiribus congregare nitantur diuitias, nisi plus glorię Francisco sua compararit inopia quam ulli unquam regum suum regnum, nisi eius nomen etiam regibus ipsis honori habeatur et hominibus pariter et angelis celebre sit! Vos uero, Ecclesię antistites, qui uillici personam

absque terrore erit. Serpens autem ille antiquus, qui fraudulentis perniciosisque suasionibus seducere mortales non cessat, neutiquam decipere potuit humillimum precatorem Dei serrum Franciscum. Qui cum die quodam prolixius oraret, audiuit calmantem: Francisce, poenitentibus ignoscit Deus, non se tam pertinaci fatigatione conficientibus. Agnouit in uerbis dolos et, sicut coeperat, orando perseuerauit atque

autem ille antiquus, qui fraudulentis perniciosisque suasionibus seducere mortales non cessat, neutiquam decipere potuit humillimum precatorem Dei serrum Franciscum. Qui cum die quodam prolixius oraret, audiuit calmantem: Francisce, poenitentibus ignoscit Deus, non se tam pertinaci fatigatione conficientibus. Agnouit in uerbis dolos et, sicut coeperat, orando perseuerauit atque etiam ad perferendos pro Christo labores magis exarsit. Sciebat enim

paruum, quoniam tanquam momentum staterę (ut Scriptura ait) sic est ante Deum orbis terrarum, et tanquam gutta roris antelucani, qui descendit in terram. Sed quid nunc de te, pater Francisce, dicam? Quantum tibi quoque adhuc in terra degenti tua contulit contemplatio! Vidisti fulgentem Saluatoris nostri crucem, uidisti sanctum Seraph, a quo Seraphicus dici meruisti. Inde tibi singulari quodam priuilegio

solitamque Beatę Virginis frui colloquiis; librum etiam, qui Viarum Dei dicitur, angelo dictante ab ea scriptum. Cum hęc ita sint, nonne paradisum habuit in terris, quoniam mente semper in cęlis fuit? Clara uirgo, beati Francisci pręceptis imbuta dignaque tanto magistro discipula, pridie quam Natalis Domini ueniret, ęgrotauit nec licuit illi cum reliquis sororibus ad agendas sacrę noctis precationes pergere. Veruntamen aduersa ualitudo

dum ad ęternę salutis beatitudinem adipiscendam omnes inuitat, illud in Psalmo Prophetę promissum implens: Docebo iniquos uias tuas, et impii ad te conuertentur. Minorum uero pater Franciscus etiam illud executus uidetur: Ite in mundum uniuersum et prędicate Euangelium omni creaturę! Sic enim hominibus prędicauit, ut mundum repleret monasteriis, sic auibus, ut ad audiendum dociles

Veruntamen iussioni maiorum obtemperans talem fecit sermonem, qualis exercitatissimo tribui potuisset. Exinde prędicationibus operam dare coepit. Cumque aliquando de cruce Domini nostri Iesu Christi uerba faceret, patrem Franciscum, qui uuius adhuc alia in prouincia longe sepositus degebat prope astare in aere uidit nutu confirmantem omnia, quę ab ipso dicebantur. Ad tam sublime euangelizandi munus non nisi per humilioris gradum ascendit, hoc

subsidia comparans. Nam et palmes ille in Euangelio, quanuis fructuosus atque foecundus, adhuc purgatur, ut fructus plus afferat et prouentu in dies lętiore copiosius exhuberet. Fratrum quoque Minorum institutor ac pater Franciscus, licet omni sanctitatis genere pręstiterit, non minimum in hoc laudatur, quod maximo semper honore sacerdotes prosecutus sit. Dicere solitum tradunt, si cui sanctorum e cęlo in terram delapso et cum illo simul

autem res esset sacerdotium, in eo ostendit, quod se indignum illo iudicans nunquam promoueri passus sit soloque diaconatus officio contentus, quoad uixit, fuit. Cogitent nunc sacerdotes, qualis eos decet perfectio, si Franciscus non sufficere credidit. Ioannes primus, qui Hormisdę, in summo pontificatu successit, Constantinopolim uersus pergens, cum Corinthum diuertisset, equum ei, a quo commodatum acceperat, restituit. Hoc equo, quod

eorum exemplo ad uirtutes capessendas uiamque perfectionis confidenter aggrediendam magis accenderemur. Quis autem perfectionem uitę professus in ędibus magnatum secure uersari poterit, si Seraphicus Franciscus eam ob causam diuino permissu demonum uerbera passus sit? Apud Leonem, Sanctę Crucis cardinalem, dies aliquot moratur, poenam sustinuit et culpam agnouit illicoque discessit atque ad monasterium rediens rem, quę

uitam mortuos reuocans. Cuius, quęso, regum auro gemmisque refulgens aut cocco purpuraque rubens uestimentum tantę unquam uirtutis fuit, quantę sancti huius saccus iste cilicinus? Neque te, pater Francisce, hoc loco pręteribo. Cuius tegendo corpori tunica una et ea sane crassi admodum fili impolitęque texturę satis fuit, quam pro cingulo pręcinxerat funis nodo astrictus, ubi committebatur, non fibula. Caput et

inuentum atque ad monasterium reductum ostendit Deus, quanti talem in illo uitę austeritatem faceret, sine cunctatione disponendo, ut ab his ipsis honoraretur, qui expulerunt. Pater etiam Minorum Franciscus, quam in se durus extiterit, cum sępe aliis tum illo potissimum tempore monstrauit, quando connubii cogitationibus eum impugnari contigit. Sibimet enim iratus, proiectis repente indumentis et fune, quo pręcinctus

extra monasterium prorumpens, in altam niuem, sicut nudus erat, se deiecit diuque uolutauit. Ac deinde ex illa compactas hominum effigies identidem toto corpore astringens ipse se alloquebatur increpandoque dicebat: En tibi, Francisce, uxor, en tibi liberi! Aut uesti illos, ne sic algeant, aut dimitte omnia et uni Domino serui! Sic ille tandem carnis petulantiam domuit flagellis et libidinis incendium gelidas niues nudo amplexans pectore

Basolus quoque, Rhemensis abbas in Gallię partibus dum montem solitarius incoleret nec aquam haberet, Deum precatus fontem de rupe manare fecit, qui etiamnum fluere dicitur. Beatus etiam Franciscus, dum rustici cuiusdam sitim in solitudine miseratur, procumbens Dominum deprecatus est moxque humus fonticulum emisit, cuius haustu rusticus, qui iam moribundus sicco ore anhelabat, recreatus uixit. Ac ne plura

crure aliorum aucupium effugisset, ipse sua precatione sanatum dimiserit. Qui enim benigne alios accipit, facile, quod a Domino petit, impetrat. Scriptum quippe est: Mansuetis dabit gratiam. Francisci quoque lenitatem auicularum audacia mirabiliorem fecit. Ad prędicantem confluebant neque refugiebant manum eius, usque adeo obsequentes, ut non nisi, cum ipse iussisset, abirent, non nisi, cum ipse innuisset,

fruteta deambularet, cicada ficulneam linquens super euocantis manum consedit et, Deum laudare iussa, uoce tinnula, gutture fistulato, suauiorem solito stridorem edidit. Humanum igitur consortium effugere solitę bestiolę, Franciscum omnibus ex mansuetudine applaudentem creaturis adire non timuerunt neque potuerunt non obtemperare imperanti, cui iam diuina inerat uirtus. Talibus enim dictum est: Si monti huic dixeritis: Tolle et iacta te

euasisset, tunc sane apparuit, quantum docilis taciturnitas uanę et arroganti loquacitati esset pręferenda. Cęterum et hac in parte diaboli insidię uitandę sunt. Cuidam ex fratribus perpetuum silentium seruanti pater Franciscus, ut semel tantum in hebdomada confessionem faceret, persuadere non potuit. Et ille sibi de se magis quam pręposito suo credens, excidit a sanctorum collegio et ad uomitum est reuersus. Primum irrationabile erat tam

descendere solitos accepimus, ut gelascentium aquarum frigore calorem corporis temperarent castitati infestum. Audomarum, Taruanensem * corr. ex Tamanensem episcopum, in uespribus, patrem Franciscum in niuibus nudum uolutasse corpus, ut ea castigatione uoluptatem carni insitam edomarent. Rursum Bernardus illam, quę libidinis furore percita uim castitati suę inferre conabatur, clamoribus abegit; Thomas

genis fuisse ferunt. Vincentium quoque prędicatorem ad lachrymas promptissimum extitisse legimus, sed tunc pręcipue, cum salutarem hostiam offerret, corpori et sanguini Christi communicaturus. Francisco, Minorum patri, plorandi assiduitas hebetauerat uisum. Et cum oculis parcere moneretur, respondebat haud esse tanti ipsos corporis sensus, ut eorum causa languescere debeat deuotę mentis uigor, qui certe suspiriis

ista Ioannes. Cum enim Scriptura diuina dicat: Nescit homo, utrum amore an odio dignus sit. Qua ratione homo in altero sciet, quod in se nescit, utrum scilicet aliquis odio uel amore dignus sit? Beatus uero Franciscus etiam obliquę suspicionis culpam in fratre castigauit. Cum enim pauperculo quodam sibi obuiam facto nuditatem eius dolens identidem ingemisceret et frater, quocum una iter agebat, dixisset: »Pater, etsi ille rebus

Spiritui Sancto iniuriam facit, qui donum eius in illo, cui datum est, petulanter sugillare contendit. Sed nos ab huiuscemodi fatuitate abhorrentes imitemur Bernardum illum de Quintaualle, beati Francisci in terris olim laboris socium, nunc in cęlo glorię consortem regnique cohęredem. A cuius oculis, ueluti duabus lucidissimis stellis, miri splendoris radios promicare in uisu conspexit Leo frater. Et accepit ipsum

dignitate effulsit, multis denique miraculorum signis nobilitatus fuit. Itaque tantum illi aliquando ęgrotasse profuit, quantum, si semper sanus perseueraret, fortasse nocuisset. Ipse etiam nunquam satis laudatus Franciscus non ante coepit esse perfectus quam grauissimam corporis ualitudinem incurrisset. Vigesimo ętatis suę anno infirmatus didicit terrena contemnere, quę sanus dilexerat. Aeger soli Deo seruiendum intellexit, qui

ostendere matri, ne scilicet scandalizantem oculum, quem a se iam proiecerat, rursum quęrere uideretur. Perseuerauit ergo in monasterio, et factus est Dei filius, qui matris esse noluit. Et beatum Franciscum ipse, qui genuerat, pater infenso admodum animo persecutus est nec efficere potuit, quin ille, sicuti coeperat, post Christum ire perseueraret. Verberatur ergo Franciscus, despoliatur, contemnitur, et gaudet, quod

filius, qui matris esse noluit. Et beatum Franciscum ipse, qui genuerat, pater infenso admodum animo persecutus est nec efficere potuit, quin ille, sicuti coeperat, post Christum ire perseueraret. Verberatur ergo Franciscus, despoliatur, contemnitur, et gaudet, quod dignus habitus sit pro nomine Iesu contumeliam pati. Et quoniam omnia aduersa subire prius paratus erat quam proposito discedere, mox uirtutum operatione uitęque sanctitate

felicem uiri exitum, cuis beatitudinem locus, tempus, gestus testati sunt. Adde etiam defuncti miracula, eo quod ęgroti et a spiritibus uexati, cum ad tumulum eius adducti essent, conualuere. Patrem Franciscum legimus nudum se super nudam humum deponi fecisse, cum diem expectaret supremum, fratribusque benedixisse et Dominico exemplo singulis buccellam panis dedisse, sumpto demum salutis uiatico uita discessisse. Sic

fecisti et, sicuti Ioannem, apostolum tuum, ita et hunc, seruum tuum, Virgini Matri uirginem commendasti, ut pariter ostenderes, quantum ipse meruisset et prędicandi officio et proposito castitatis. Francisci etiam patris (a quo Minorum ordo coepit) ut uita, ita uitę finis nobilis ac magnificus fuit. Quo expirante quidam fratrum animam eius in stellę specie de ore eius emicuisse cęlumque petiisse uidit. Eadem illa hora

uidit. Eadem illa hora minister Terrę laboris grauiter ęgrotans, cum iam deficiente spiritu et languescente lingua obmutuisset, repente in uocem prorupit dicens: »Expecta me, pater, expecta me!« Et interrogatus patrem Franciscum se uidere dixit multa cum luce cęlum uersus tendentem. Hoc dicto de corpore exiit et uerba re comprobauit, illum continuo sequens, quem cernere se aiebat. Nunc cum illo cęlestibus fruitur diuitiis,

uersus tendentem. Hoc dicto de corpore exiit et uerba re comprobauit, illum continuo sequens, quem cernere se aiebat. Nunc cum illo cęlestibus fruitur diuitiis, quocum simul terrenas contempsit. Cęterum Franciscus, sicut hic multis humilior, ita illic clarior. Quod ne dubitaremus, in uisu apparens figuram stellę fulgentis prę se tulit. Nam etsi alii quoque sancti stellis comparentur, stella tamen a stella differt in

Validacija oznaka u Oxygenu (TEI P5), tipovi pjesama, id:xml za tekstove Choice kod ispravaka. Označen metar. Francisci Natalis carmina 1.

8.22  Da Musis uerae munera laetitiae. 9. Ad Franciscum Martiniacum ut elegiaco carmini se totum tradat
9.1  Sacra Venus puerum cum corripuisset Amorem

9.6  Inferius, supplex talia uerba dedit:
9.7  "Hactenus excultus uiguit, Francisce, Catullus;
9.8   Nasonis uiguit gloria, Gallus erat.

34.14  Discite, qui nocuas non iubet esse feras. 35. Francisco Raynerio amicae suae nomen declarat
35.1  Quae, Francisce, tuos puella uultus
35.2  Exarsit teneros, candide, scire cupis.

qui nocuas non iubet esse feras. 35. Francisco Raynerio amicae suae nomen declarat
35.1  Quae, Francisce, tuos puella uultus
35.2  Exarsit teneros, candide, scire cupis.
35.3  Addam pollicitis fidem libenter,

36.27  Ah, Neptune, tuo figam quae dona sacello;
36.28  Tyndaridae, uobis, quae tibi, Leucothoe?
36.29  Ni cito dulce meum Francisci nomen amici
36.30  Littoribus soluat stupea uincla meis.
36.31  Ni bona signa fugae celeri tam sidere fausto

37.140  Fama uolat, uolitet sed sine fine precor." 38. Francisco Raynerio, patricio Venetiarum
38.1  Fama decusque domus patriae uenerabile sidus,
38.2  Vnica Pierii gloria, docte, chori:

38.1  Fama decusque domus patriae uenerabile sidus,
38.2  Vnica Pierii gloria, docte, chori:
38.3  Quid, Francisce, facis, librosne amplecteris ulnis?
38.4  An sedet in gremio mollis amica tuo?
38.5  Nectit adoratas circum tua tempora

tibi terra potens, Venetae celeberrima gentis
38.66  Gloria, dat grauidae sarcina structa ratis.
38.67  Tu modo sidereos spectas, Francisce, ministros,
38.68  Nunc oculos retinet uncta palaestra tuos.
38.69  Hic tibi materiam nitidi formosa puella

38.76  Copia, Phoebeam docta Thalia lyram. 39. Tabellas alloquitur, ut eundem Franciscum secure adeant
39.1  An quia magna times intrare palatia forsan
39.2  Et domino mixtis oscula ferre iocis,

precor at memori, placeat si, percipe mente,
39.26  Quae referas domino, pauca sed apta dato:
39.27   "Non tibi pauca meis possunt, Francisce, libellis
39.28  Reddere condignas carmina facta uices.
39.29  Nam tua tanta seges cumulati muneris explet

39.72  Mortuus obliquo substituam capite." 40. ad eundem Franciscum Raynerium
40.1  Seruet chrysocomos suos paratus
40.2  Croesus, purpureos Tyros amictus

40.7  Quos tu dulcisonos mihi dedisti,
40.8  Non tantum proprio sinu tenebo,
40.9  Francisce, Aonidum decus sororum,
40.10  Discam sed, totiens benigne lectis,
40.11  Et tangam citharae canora fila,

seruat
45.36  Te duce Marcus. 46. ad Franciscum Raynerium de laudibus Aloysii Capelli, praetoris Spalatensis dignissimi
46.1  Hanc tibi Franciscus mittit, Francisce, salutem,
46.2  Vernula Dalmaticis, si petis unde, locis.

46. ad Franciscum Raynerium de laudibus Aloysii Capelli, praetoris Spalatensis dignissimi
46.1  Hanc tibi Franciscus mittit, Francisce, salutem,
46.2  Vernula Dalmaticis, si petis unde, locis.
46.3  Quisquis is est nescis, audito nomine

46. ad Franciscum Raynerium de laudibus Aloysii Capelli, praetoris Spalatensis dignissimi
46.1  Hanc tibi Franciscus mittit, Francisce, salutem,
46.2  Vernula Dalmaticis, si petis unde, locis.
46.3  Quisquis is est nescis, audito nomine forsan.

Heu scelus! hoc dubiae posset tibi surgere menti;
46.32  Quid tua Lethaeis pectora dantur aquis!
46.33  Oblitus non sum rerum, Francisce, tuarum,
46.34  Oblitus non est quem pius urit amor.
46.35  Desinet insiliens aurata palatia circum

uiret nusquam, solet ut, non gramina rident;
46.102  Et tamen aestati uer dedit ecce locum.
46.103  Quid tibi commemorem tantos, Francisce, dolores.
46.104  Nostra quibus crescens multiplicatur humus?
46.105  Quid mala tot numerem, gemebundi maxima luctus

aue! 49. responsio eiusdem
49.1  Candida fama prius mihi te, Francisce, poetis
49.2  Cantabat nostri temporis esse parem.
49.3  Carmen ubi ardiua formatum

53.72  Concilias Christum dum tibi, Marce, tuum.
53.73  Quem pro Francisco uelis exornare misello,
53.74  Perpetuo sic te donet, amice, bono.

primum
60.46  Incipiet iuuenis; sic tibi frater ero. 61. ad Franciscum Martiniachum 62. in

65.6  Quo pereunt reges unicus assis emit! 66. ad Franciscum Bolanum, comitem Brachiae
66.1  Inter auos nitidae prolis memoranda, Bolane,
66.2  Gloria; magnanimi summe leonis honos!

66.1  Inter auos nitidae prolis memoranda, Bolane,
66.2  Gloria; magnanimi summe leonis honos!
66.3  Sic, Francisce, tuum uiuat decus, optima coniunx;
66.4  Sic tibi sint nati, saluus uterque parens;
66.5  Sic domus et patriae crescant uexilla

72.8  Post obitum: studuit sic potuisse mori. 73. epitaphium Francisci Martiniaci
73.1   Curtius, ut rupto patriam seruaret hiatu,
73.2  Armatus fouea

73.5  Tabida pestiferi cernens contagia morbi
73.6   Franciscus patriam corripuisse suam,
73.7  Constituit certo caput obiectare periclo,
73.8  Quo foret huic propria morte

(Finis laus Deo) 80. epitaphium Marci Maruli per Franciscum Natalem
80.1  Irrita res mors est: non sunt obnoxia morti
80.2  Corpora, si semper uiuere posse datur.

GEORGII BENIGNI SALVIATI OR. MI. ORATIO FVNEBRIS HABITA PRO MAGNIFICO ET GENEROSO SENATORE IVNIO GEOR. PATRITIO RHAG. IN AEDE DIVI FRANCISCI. XIII. CAL. MARTIAS. MCCCCLXXXXVIIII. Admirabili divinae artis opificio si diligenter animo revolvere voluerimus, ipsum hominem esse conditum inveniemus, Rector excelse, P. optimi senatoresque amplis., cui parens

adeamus suo tempore aedes ibique ambroscia divinae visionis et nectare dulcissimo illius fruitionis potiri per cuncta saecula saeculorum valeamus. Dixi. Francisi Gal. Rha. Pierii Epi. In Iun. Georg.
Altera pars terras Iuni, pars altera caeli
Nobilior summi regna superna tenet.
Plurima patritium decorant quem facta nec urbi

legentium animis satis aperte infundere curaui. Quicquid prisci illi gręci latinique theologi quicquid et iuniores, presertim Thomas ille angelicus sum Alexandro et Bonauentura seraphico: hi enim in docendo conueniunt: Et Ioannes sublimis dunsiensis studii Oxoniensis doctor unicus cum Francisco Landulfoque et cęteris imitatoribus, Et solennis Henricis Gandauensis cum Godfredo de fontibus. Tres nanque precipue iuniorum theologorum docendi uię: Quicuqid inquam hac in re ab his omnibus egregie dictum hic reperies, pleraque ab aliis intacta tractauimus, modos nouos: nouasque

beatitudine: peccato et malorum infoelicitate, Locutionibus et illuminationibus Nec non et de ipsorum ęuo simul ac loco et delationibus. Atque hierarchiis ordinibus et presidentia siue superioritate: Et hic Thomma, ille Henricum, alius Scotum, nonnulli Ariminensem illum Gregorium, pars Landulfum Franciscum et alii alios inducebant auctores: Quibus facere satis per nostri exilitate ingenii curauimus. Aderant certo et duo in humanis atque diuinis rebus eruditissimi uiri: Antonius Victorius Fauentinus meus et Franciscus Argillagues de Valenti, phisici huius ciuitatis qui etiam patritios

ille Henricum, alius Scotum, nonnulli Ariminensem illum Gregorium, pars Landulfum Franciscum et alii alios inducebant auctores: Quibus facere satis per nostri exilitate ingenii curauimus. Aderant certo et duo in humanis atque diuinis rebus eruditissimi uiri: Antonius Victorius Fauentinus meus et Franciscus Argillagues de Valenti, phisici huius ciuitatis qui etiam patritios iuuenes ad disputandum hortabantur. Et ne inquam et inquit sępius interponerentur, ita hoc opus, ac si sermo a

uisusque audire tonantem,
14  Dulceque quod Christi manat ab ore melos. Iacobus Bonus Hieronymo And. S. Franciscum Mariam filium meum statim ab ipso paschalis solennitatis aduentu solicitaram, qua te praeceptorem suum nactus aliquo munusculo prosequeretur. quod nescio quibus ex causis ab illo neglectum sit. Verum scio quod pluribus antea

pręmii aliquid a Deo expectant, ita idem et illi sibi sperent, qui eam publicandam curant. Ista, quę nunc mitto archetypa nostra, postquam impręssorum typis exscripta fuerint, nobis restitue, simul etiam aliquot exemplaria Euangelistarii nostri ad me mitte meque Francisco Lucensi nostro, cui ipsum Euangelistarium iampridem dono misi quique plus etiam remisit, ne ingratus uideretur, plurimum commenda! Vale, et cum ista impręssa fuerint, alia expecta! VIII. Kalendas

Pręsules eqs.: cf. Per. 12,52? 42. A 83v/3, ubi Mutinę ad Sanctum Franciscum; cf. CIL XIV 3797 MVTINAE HIC LOCVS VTI MACERIA CLV- SVS EST AD RELIGIONEM SEPVL- TVRAE LOLLIARVM ATTICILIAE FI- LIAE ET STACTES VXORIS.

est, ut litterarum nostrarum praedicatione et testimonio non indigeat. His igitur virtutibus et obsequiis tuis inducti imperpetuum nostrae erga te benevolentiae incrementum ex speciali gratia nostra et de regiae nostrae potestatis plenitudine tibi ac per te Mathiae, fratri tuo carnali, necnon Francisco et Alexio filiis eiusdem Mathiae, et eorum haeredibus et posteritatibus universis ad arma familiae vestrae avita, quae in scuto coelestini coloris hominem armatum ab hostibus insecutum in cymbam transfretatoriam compulsum et in navicula ipsa concitatissimo cursu in aliam fluminis ripam

and he doesn’t get any from the Fuggers in spite of the King having instructed them to lend him some. If he does not receive money soon, he will be compelled to sell everything he has and crawl back to Hungary in shame with barely one servant. – 4. He, too, deems the diplomatic mission to France mentioned by King Louis quite useful, but he cannot travel there without money. Sacra Regia Maiestas, Domine, Domine mihi Gratiosissime. Post humillimam servitutis meae commendationem. [1.] XXVIII huius mensis Augusti venit Sanctissimus

might have reached Rome in the second half of May. 7  Brodarics and Marsupino were heard at a consistory session on 4 September. See Magyarországi pápai követek jelentései 1524–1526. Budapest, 2001. 8  Unfortunately, we have no more letters addressed to King Louis from Rome. 9  Francesco Marsupino, a cleric of Humanist knowledge, a doctor of both laws, one time secretary of Archbishop Bakócz, stayed in Rome from 1518 as a permanent Hungarian envoy. After 1526 he represented Szapolyai in the papal court. István Brodarics and Ferenc Frangepán both considered him a close

was one of the most important financial institutions of the era that gave credits. They had several branches in Hungary too. More on their activities: Richard Ehrenberg, Das Zeitalter der Fugger. Geldkapital und Creditverkerhr im 16. Jahrhundert, Jena, 1963. 14  Brodarics’ planned legation in France did not happen. 15  In the first part of the letter Brodarics says August is the current month, yet the date at the end of the letter is 1 September. This highlights the nature of diplomatic letters: they are summaries, and writing them often took several days as suspected here.

together with two others addresses to the Pope dated in Vilnius on 22 October. The accompanying letter to Brodarics was probably written around 22 October too. 3  Another manuscript: BCzart TN 35. 378–379. According to the version kept in the Naruszewicz Collection, this letter was intended to Francesco Marsupino, which cannot be excluded, since the earliest known manuscript of it is known only from a 16th-century copy kept in Kórnik. This is what I used. Its address says the letter is to the Hungarian King’s envoy at the Holy Seat (oratori regis Hungariae apud Sedem Apostolicam).

5  Erazm Ciołek (1474–1522), Bishop of Płock, died as an envoy of Sigismund in Rome on 9 September 1522. More on his life: Henryk Folwarski, Erazm Ciołek biskup i dyplomata, Warszawa, 1935. 6  Hungarian King Louis II was the cousin of Sigismund. 7  Without doubt this is a reference to Francesco Marsupino. 8  Pope Hadrian VI. meritissimum, quem nos Suae Sanctitati praesentamus. 9 Nam nos alium nequamquam admittere volumus neque possemus contra iura nostra et statuta regni nostri, quae infringi regnicolae nostri nullo modo

that Sigismund advised his cousin to consider signing peace or at least armistice with the Turks, since he is left on his own by Christian rulers. Brodarics feels Sigismund could not have given better or more beneficial advice, since he has been working on obtaining aid to Hungary sideby-side with Francesco Marsupino, and with the envoy of Archduke Ferdinand, for a whole year now, and received nothing but empty promises. Neither the Holy Seat nor other rulers can be counted upon, so Hungary and Poland themselves have to reach agreement with the Turks.

dies et noctes sollicitando aliquod subsidium pro nepote Maiestatis Vestrae, promissa sunt mihi maria et montes, 5 declarati cardinales in Hungariam mittendi, multi menses in his consultationibus et legatorum expeditionibus frustra consumpti, actum non solum per me et collegam meum Franciscum Marsupinum, 6 sed etiam per oratorem serenissimi principis Ferdinandi 7 diligentissime atque acerrime toto isto tempore maximo labore et 3  Cardinal Francesco Soderini, Bishop of Volterra, was arrested on 27 April 1523 for encouraging the French King to

consultationibus et legatorum expeditionibus frustra consumpti, actum non solum per me et collegam meum Franciscum Marsupinum, 6 sed etiam per oratorem serenissimi principis Ferdinandi 7 diligentissime atque acerrime toto isto tempore maximo labore et 3  Cardinal Francesco Soderini, Bishop of Volterra, was arrested on 27 April 1523 for encouraging the French King to occupy Sicily. Soderini was locked up in the Saint Angel Castle and a legal procedure started. Only the death of Hadrian VI brought it to an end. He was released after 14 September 1523,

Castle and a legal procedure started. Only the death of Hadrian VI brought it to an end. He was released after 14 September 1523, what’s more, he was allowed to participate in the conclave. More on his life: K. J. P. Lowe, Church and Politics in Renaissance Italy. The Life and Career of Cardinal Francesco Sodarini (1453–1524), Cambridge, 1993. (Cambridge Studies in Italian History and Culture) 4  Pope Leo X (1513–1521) 5  glorians maria montisque polliceri coepit: Sallustius: Cat. 23, 3 , 4 . Only Sallustius uses this combination of words in classical literature.

Sodarini (1453–1524), Cambridge, 1993. (Cambridge Studies in Italian History and Culture) 4  Pope Leo X (1513–1521) 5  glorians maria montisque polliceri coepit: Sallustius: Cat. 23, 3 , 4 . Only Sallustius uses this combination of words in classical literature. 6  Francesco Marsupino, one-time Secretary of Archbishop Bakócz, stayed in Rome from 1518 as a permanent Hungarian envoy. 7  Starting with 7 February 1523, Ferdinand had two envoys in Rome, Pedro de Cordoba (Pedro Salamanca) and Girolamo Balbi. Pedro de Cordoba left Rome at the end of April, while

not succeed in capturing it. On hearing about the approaching rescue army they had to retreat. 3  See the previous letter. 4 Louis II, Hungarian King (1516–1526). 5  I have found no data about the identity of the Milan envoy. 6  Duke Charles de Bourbon, an eminent commander in chief of Francis I fell out with the French ruler in 1522 as a result of inheritance issue, deserted him and sided with Charles V. France was attacked from three directions under his leadership at the end of 1522: The English landed in Picardia, a Spanish army besieged Bayonne, a German mercenary army

4 Louis II, Hungarian King (1516–1526). 5  I have found no data about the identity of the Milan envoy. 6  Duke Charles de Bourbon, an eminent commander in chief of Francis I fell out with the French ruler in 1522 as a result of inheritance issue, deserted him and sided with Charles V. France was attacked from three directions under his leadership at the end of 1522: The English landed in Picardia, a Spanish army besieged Bayonne, a German mercenary army intruded into Champagne under the leadership of Wilhelm von Fürstenberg. See Rázsó Gyula, A lovagkor csatái, Budapest,

due, and the 200 forints that Lászai owed them according to his will. – 2. He asks Várdai to send also the 16 forints that Kálnai borrowed for the journey home and for which Brodarics vouched. – 3. There is still no Pope; the French are stationed at Milan; the Emperor is about to intrude in France from Navarra. – 4. Kálnai is brought into his attention again. Kálnai’s loyalty and knowledge make him worthy of becoming Archdean of Telegd. Reverendissime Domine, Domine mihi Colendissime. [1.] Iam binas dedi litteras 3 ad Dominationem

ut sententia ferretur, sicut latius poterit haec idem Emericus referre. Eiusdem Vestrae Reverendissimae Dominationis perpetuus servitor et capellanus Stephanus Brodarych orator

3 Cardinals mentioned. Even though Clement VII sent an envoy to Charles V on 8 December 1523 in connection with peace, he was not a Cardinal but one of the Pope’ Chamberlains, Bernardino della Barba. The next peace envoy Cardinal Nikolaus von Schönberg set off for his round trip through Spain, France, and England only in March 1524. Compare: Ludwig von Pastor, Geschichte der Päpste IV/2... 179. 26 István Brodarics to Sigismund I Rome, 15 December 1523 Manuscript used: BN T. 5. fol. 41r–v.

Sárkány. 18  Andreas da Burgo 19  Pope Clement VII. appointed Baron Burgio Nuncio in Hungary on 22 January 1524. The Baron returned to Hungary from Rome. Compare: Magyarországi pápai követek jelentései 1524–1526. Budapest, 2001, XCV. 10  See the previous letter to Ferdinand. 11  Francesco Marsupino ut Hannibal Cyprius 12 legationem suam exsequatur. Proderit enim fortasse nunc vel inposterum, si ille princeps de nostra voluntate fuerit factus certior. Poterit insuper omnia ad nos ex illis

Szalkai, Bishop of Eger, Chancellor. He got archbishopric of Esztergom and the attached position of High Chancellor after Szatmári’s death. 6  Novara, town in Northern Italy west of Milan. The French army, having given up on the siege of Milan, retreated this way towards France chased by the Spanish led by Marquis Pescara. Vestram intellexisse de litteris Sophii, 7 ad caesarem et serenissimum dominum 8 meum, in quibus

meo, domino Ioanni cardinali de Salviatis Regni Hungariae protectori etc., domino mihi semper observandissimo. In fact, Brodarics could leave for Rome in February 1525 only. Giovanni Marsupino, brother of Francesco Marsupino who worked as an administrator in Rome from 1518. He worked as an emissary of Szapolyai in Rome in the 1530s. See also the notes for the letter by Brodarics on 1 September 1522. 8  In theory, the bishopric of Pécs became vacant in 1522 when György Szatmári became Archbishop

Rwchy, and should the King have any claims regarding the estate in question, transfer those to the Révay brothers. Sacra Regia Maiestas et Domine, Domine Gratiosissime. Supplicatur Maiestati Vestrae in personis fidelium eiusdem egregiorum Stephani et Francisti de Rewa 2 in eo humillime, quatenus dignetur Maiestas Vestra illi fassioni et perpetuae venditioni, quam nobilis Ambrosius Rwchy de Bodogazzonzakaya super totali portione sua possessionaria in eadem possessione Bodogazzonzakaya habita 3  Clement VII wanted

illi fassioni et perpetuae venditioni, quam nobilis Ambrosius Rwchy de Bodogazzonzakaya super totali portione sua possessionaria in eadem possessione Bodogazzonzakaya habita 3  Clement VII wanted to commission Cardinal Salviati (1490–1553) to create peace between Charles V and Francis I as a legate in Lombardy. The Pope finally appointed the Cardinal as Legate after the French defeat (24 February 1525), in a very different situation, only on 5 May 1525. On Salviati’s activities as legate see Brodarics’ letters to Sigismund I on 17 May 1525 and to Salviati on 20 May

and Palatine’s Secretary Ferenc Révay regarding their trial against Ferenc Szántói Botka. Sacra Regia Maiestas, Domine Gratiosissime. Supplicatur Maiestati Vestrae in personis fidelium eiusdem egregiorum Stephani Theryek de Zenthersebeth 3 et Francisci de Rewa 4 secretarii palatinalis in eo, uti dignetur Maiestas Vestra ex innata sua clementia illas duas partes iudiciarias oneris et gravaminis sententiae, in quo nobilis Franciscus Bothka de Zantho per omissionem iuramenti sui in praesenti termino celebrationis idiciorum contra

Maiestati Vestrae in personis fidelium eiusdem egregiorum Stephani Theryek de Zenthersebeth 3 et Francisci de Rewa 4 secretarii palatinalis in eo, uti dignetur Maiestas Vestra ex innata sua clementia illas duas partes iudiciarias oneris et gravaminis sententiae, in quo nobilis Franciscus Bothka de Zantho per omissionem iuramenti sui in praesenti termino celebrationis idiciorum contra nobilem dominam Margaretham, relictam quondam Francisci similiter Bothka de dicta Zantho coram personali praesentia Maiestatis Vestrae convictus exstitit et aggravatus, dictis supplicantibus

in eo, uti dignetur Maiestas Vestra ex innata sua clementia illas duas partes iudiciarias oneris et gravaminis sententiae, in quo nobilis Franciscus Bothka de Zantho per omissionem iuramenti sui in praesenti termino celebrationis idiciorum contra nobilem dominam Margaretham, relictam quondam Francisci similiter Bothka de dicta Zantho coram personali praesentia Maiestatis Vestrae convictus exstitit et aggravatus, dictis supplicantibus pro fidelibus servitiis eorundem conferre gratiose. Concessit Maiestas Regia in profesto cathedrae Sancti Petri Apostoli 1525. Stephanus

Datum Cracoviae feria quarta post Palmas. 42 Sigismund I to István Brodarics Cracow, [April 1525]1 Manuscript used: BJ 6556 fol. 16r–v. 1. He has learnt that the Observant Franciscans in Rome are trying to procure monasteries of the Conventuals in Bohemia and Poland, and it seems as if this was the intention of Sigismund too. – 2. He requests Brodarics to take steps against this, because this is exactly the opposite of what Sigismund wants who regards Conventuals

Knights’ defeat. 3  10 April 1525. 1  Date uncertain. Brodarics says in his letter on 17 May that he received several letters but we cannot be sure that he refers to these two. 1  An [1.] Intelleximus fratres Sancti Francisci de observantia id agere, ut loca conventualium in regno nostro et Bohemiae sibi a Sanctissimo Domino Nostro impetrarent, quasi haec sit voluntas nostra, ut ea illi potius haberent. [2.] Postulamus a te, obstes, quominus id perficere valeant. Tantum enim abest, ut haec voluntas

he has; it is also said that the Turks will not attack Hungary this year but this is consolation only inasmuch as it gives some respite. – 8. If there is a need for intervention regarding the Duchy of Bari, he asks Sigismund to let him know; if he happens to be away from Rome, his fellow envoy Francesco Marsupino or Cardinal Lorenzo Pucci will forward letters addressed to him. Turri or Marcus de Torre, Franciscan monk born in Venice, Polish provincial. Taught theology at the Cracow University in 1519. He was confessor of Bona Sforza, so he had excellent relationship with the

some respite. – 8. If there is a need for intervention regarding the Duchy of Bari, he asks Sigismund to let him know; if he happens to be away from Rome, his fellow envoy Francesco Marsupino or Cardinal Lorenzo Pucci will forward letters addressed to him. Turri or Marcus de Torre, Franciscan monk born in Venice, Polish provincial. Taught theology at the Cracow University in 1519. He was confessor of Bona Sforza, so he had excellent relationship with the Polish court. See also AT V. 242., 253.; AT VI. 268., 306.; AT VII. 63., 83., and Fraknói Vilmos, Magyarországi pápai

Krzycki, Bishop of Przemiśl. Brodarics uses cipher in several letters, which is only partially deciphered so far. 18  Brodarics visited the French King imprisoned by Charles V after the battle of Pavia (24 February 1525) in the town of Pizzighettone. Unfortunately, he misjudged Francis’ “noble heart”: he would recall this encounter in his report on the Battle of Mohács written 2 years later, and reproach the French ruler for promising help to Hungary against the Turks, something he did not keep. (“[...] regi Gallorum et illud in memoriam reducit [sc. Louis II],

to the Duchy of Bari before. (More on the case of the Duchy of Bari: AT, VIII. 295–379.) 17  16  Andrzej faciat me certiorem. Litterae Vestrae Maiestatis etiam si interim discederem per collegam meum, dominum Franciscum Marsupinum, qui hic erit, vel etiam per reverendissimum dominum cardinalem Sanctorum Quattuor fideliter ad me mittentur. Me et servitia mea in gratiam Vestrae Maiestatis rursus humillime commendo. Romae 17. Maii 1525. Eiusdem Vestrae Sacratissimae Maiestatis minimus servulus

Dantiscus. – 2. He does not travel to the Emperor in Spain. He himself does not know the reason; the Pope says that the relevant letter from King Louis arrived late. He would have been happy to serve the cause of peace among Christian rulers there too, and would have worked hard on setting King Francis free as instructed by King Louis. Such a mission would have been useful for the Polish and the Hungarian causes alike, because the prestige of the two Kings who carry the burden of war against Turkey by themselves could have helped reconciliation more than anybody else’s. – 3. The Pope

may write after the College of Cardinals, his intention is the same. Brodarics wishes King Louis followed Sigismund’s example in the matter of armistice with the Turks because if he does not do this in the hope of some support, the country’s fall is to be feared. – 5. He has no news on King Francis being taken to Spain. Hope for peace has not evaporated completely, but has diminished considerably. Janissaries in Constantinople rose demanding higher pay. Several houses were ransacked, that of Pasha Ibrahim among them. The Sultan suppressed the revolt with great difficulties and had to

has not evaporated completely, but has diminished considerably. Janissaries in Constantinople rose demanding higher pay. Several houses were ransacked, that of Pasha Ibrahim among them. The Sultan suppressed the revolt with great difficulties and had to fulfil the demands of the soldiers. King Francis is said to have arrived in Barcelona on 17 June. 5 Serenissime Princeps et Domine, Domine mihi Clementissime. Post mei et servitiorum meorum in gratiam Vestrae Maiestatis humillimam commendationem. [1.] Accepi nudius tertius

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